feb 21 2021 Flashcards
presentation of kawasaki disease
- conjunctivitis
- mucositis
- cervical lymphadenopathy
- rash
- erythyma and edema of hands/feet
- periungal desquamation
what area is periungal?
near the nails
treatment of kawasaki disease?
IV immunoglobulin and aspirin
what is the most common cause of AA amyloidosis in the USA?
rheumatoid arthritis
senile purpura is most common in whcih population?
the elderly
findings in senile purpura?
echymosis, skin fragility and normal coag findings
path behind senile purpura?
loss of elastic fibers in perivascular connective tissue
next step in clinical diagnosis of breath holding spells?
check for iron deficient anemia which can contribute
treatment of breath holding spells?
treat anemia if present, if no anemia then nothing
what is blepharitis?
disorder caused by inflammation of the eyelid margins
blepharitis presentation
burning or itching of eyelids, discharge (crusting in morning), foreign body sensation in eye
treatment of blepharitis
supportive - warm compress, lid massage, gentle scrubs
MOA of tacrolimus
calcineurin inhibitor
main side effects of calcineuron inhibits?
- hypertension
- neurotoxicity
- nephrotoxicity
- glucose intolerence
which adverse effects may be seen in the heart for patients on digoxin?
- atrial tachycardia
- AV block
what is the most common bug behind febrile neutropenia?
pseudomonas
how to treat febrile neutropenia ?
antibiotic with pseudomonas coverage (such as piperacillin-tazobactam)
what is hemoglobin H disease?
when 3 alpha genes are lost, and hemoglobin H forms which is tetramers of nonalpha chains (beta or gamma)
in adults, what is hemoglobin H made of?
beta tetramers
in fetuses and infants, what is hemoglobin H made of?
gamma tetramers
what is the MCV in alpha thalasemia?
low
what is the erythocyte count in alpha thalasemia?
high
what kind of cell will be seen on peripheral smear in alpha thalasemia?
target cells
clinical manifestations of chikungunya fever?
- fever
- rash
- malaise
- lymphadenopathy
- polyarthralgias
- lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia
renal complication of systemic sclerosis?
scleroderma renal crisis
path of scleroderma renal crisis?
raynauds vascular injury leads to renal ischemia, resulting in activation of the RAS -> increase in blood pressure -> cycle of renal damage and worsening blood pressure
how do you treat scleroderma renal crisis?
ACE inhibitiors - disrupt the RAS
what substance in a blood transfusion can chelate calcium?
citrate
what is a risk factor for MALT?
H pylori
