FEb 16 Flashcards
what is cholestyramine used to treat?
diarrhea related to bile acid malabsorption
which heart problem may uncontrolled gestational diabetes lead to in the neonate?
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what does diabetes cuase hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the newborn?
leads to increased glycogen and fat deposition in the interventricular septum -> dynamic LVOT obstruction
prognosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the newborn?
spontaneous regression by 1 year
what is the initial management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the newborn?
beta blockers to increase left ventricle filling and IV fluids
exposure to abdominopelvic radiation is associated with…
increased risk of colon cancer as an adult
when should patients who had abdominopelvic radiation in the past begin colonoscopy screening?
age 30-40
patients with celiac disease need earlier colon cancer screening T or F
FALSE
you can use topical or oral NSAIDs for hand osteoarthritis, T or FALSE?
TRUE
what type of drug is tramadol?
opioid
what is the most common cause of death in patients with end stage renal disease?
cardiovascular disease
chronic aspergillosis is more common in patients wtih…
previous TB
Demylinating plaques in the brain and spinal cord are consistent with…
multiple sclerosis
what is the path of chronic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy?
immune mediated demyelination of peripheral nerves and nerve roots
is chronic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy length dependent?
no - there will be distal and proximal symptoms
will the symptoms in chronic inflammatory demylinating polyneuropathy be symmetric or asymmetric?
symmetric
will the symptoms in MS be symmetric or asymmetric?
asymmetric
what is the most common primary immune deficiency?
selective igA deficiency
which immunodeficiency is associated with anaphylaxis during blood transfusinos?
selective igA deficiency
clinical features of selective igA deficiency?
- usually asymptomatic
- recurrent sinopulmonary and GI infections
- associated autoimmune/atopic conditions
what prodrome may precipiate bells palsy?
auricular pain/dysaucusis (distortion of sound)
how can you distinguish bells palsy from an acute stroke?
-involvment of the upper face (forehead/eye) in bells palsy
pharmacological treatment for PROPHYLAXIS of eosphageal variceal bleeding?
beta blockers
pharmacological treatment for ACUTE eosphageal variceal bleeding?
ocreotide
clinical manifestations of x-linked agammaglobulinemia (brutons)?
- recurrent GI and sinopulmonary infections
- small or ABSENT lymphoid tissue (tonsils, adenoids)
which immunodeficiency is associated with small or absent tonsils/adenoids?
x linked agammaglobulinemia
characteristics of NECROTIZING otitis externa?
- severe unremmitting ear pain (worse at night, with chewing)
- CN deficits
- granulation tissue in external canal
- -elavated ESR
treatment of necrotizing otitis externa?
- IV antibiotics (anti-pseumomonal coverage)
- possible surgical debridement
is granulation tissue a normal finding in otitis externa?
no - suggest necrotizing otitis externa
when should children receive the tetanus vaccines?
2,4 and 6 months of age
A patient with a concerning puncture wound, who has completed the childhood vaccination schedule but never received a booster for tetanus, should now receive…
single dose of tDAP
A patient with a concerning puncture wound, who IS NOT SURE IF THEY completed the childhood vaccination schedule but never received a booster for tetanus, should now receive…
the vaccine + immunoglobulin
is xray useful for lateral epicondylitis?
no - its useful for fractures but not soft tissue (U/S is more useful in this case)
when is activated charcoal used to treat salicylate poisoning?
-alert patients within 2 hours of acute ingestion
how can you treat salicyluate poisoning when you cant give activated charcoal?
IV sodium bicarbonate - alkalinize the urine
in which patients with salicylate poisoning can you not give IV sodium bicarb?
-those who cannot tolerate the large volume of fluid needed to do this (chronic kidney disease) or pulmonary edema
how do you treat patients with salicylate poisoning in which activated charcoal and IV sodium bicarb are contraindicated?
hemodialysis
