Jan 2 2020

Question 1

why are estrogen containing contraceptives contraindicated in the first month post partum?

Answer 1

increased risk of thromboembolism

Question 2

what birth control methods can be used in someone within 1 month post partum?

Answer 2

non-hormonal (copper IUD), or progestin-only

Question 3

what is seen on histology of a granulosa cell tumour?

Answer 3

call-exner bodies

Question 4

a granulosa cell tumour is which type of ovarian tumour?

Answer 4

stromal

Question 5

what is elevated in a granulosa cell tumour?

Answer 5

• estrogen

- inhibin

Question 6

when should Mg sulfate be given (how many weeks gestation)?

Answer 6

<32 weeks

Question 7

prophylactic latency antibiotics should be given to pregnant women with…

Answer 7

PPROM

Question 8

are NSAIDs given in pregnancy?

Answer 8

no generally avoided

Question 9

is acetominophen given during pregnancy?

Answer 9

yes - considered safe

Question 10

what is pseudocyesis?

Answer 10

the false belief that one is pregnancy, associated with somatic signs and reported symptoms of pregnancy

Question 11

what causes pseudocyesis?

Answer 11

somatization of stress effects the hypothalamic-pituitary axis causing symptoms of pregnancy

Question 12

management of pseudocyesis?

Answer 12

psychiatric evaluation

Question 13

patients with polyhydarmios who have a sudden rupture of membranes are at increased risk for what?

Answer 13

placental abruption

Question 14

normal internal genitalia, external virilization and undetectable serum estrogen levels =

Answer 14

aromatase deficiency

Question 15

how does aromatase deficiency FIRST present?

Answer 15

In uteruo - mother will experience transient hirsuitism. Baby may have ambigious external genitalia

Question 16

liver complication of PID?

Answer 16

perihepatitis- infection spreads and causes liver capsule inflammation

Question 17

minimally rugated vagina is a sign of?

Answer 17

estrogen deficiency

Question 18

which roots are damaged in klumpke palsy?

Answer 18

C8, T1

Question 19

infants with klumpke palsy may have associated…

Answer 19

horners syndrome

Question 20

which nerve roots are damaged in erbs palsy?

Answer 20

C5, C6

Question 21

presentaiton of lichen planus?

Answer 21

pruritic, purple-hued plaques that may have associated thin, white striae

Question 22

clinical features of vulvar carcinoma?

Answer 22

pruritic, plaque or ulcer with abnormal bleeding

Question 23

an elevated FSH suggests

Answer 23

ovarian failure

Question 24

carriers of the fragile X premutation (FMR1) gene are at increased risk for …

Answer 24

primary ovarian insufficiency

Question 25

Women who have primary ovarian failure <40 years old with no other cause should be tested for...

Answer 25

FMR1 mutation

Question 26

treatment of asymptomatic uterine leiomyomas?

Answer 26

observation

Question 27

what causes non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 27

a PARTIAL deficiency of 21-hydroxylase

Question 28

presentation of non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Answer 28

non-classic presents in adolescence instead of at birth. - irregular menses, hirsuitism, severe acne,

Question 29

do females with NON-classic CAH have electrolyte abnormalities?

Answer 29

no - usually sufficient mineralcorticoids and glucocorticoids are produced

Question 30

difference between dyspnea of pregnancy and asthma?

Answer 30

Asthma has associated cough and chest tightness

Question 31

what is fetal dysmaturity syndrome?

Answer 31

Complication or post-term pregnancy - due to age-related placental changes -> SGA, thin neonate with loose skin and meconium stained amniotic fluid

Question 32

what causes aspiration (chemical) pneumonitis?

Answer 32

-the aspiration of gastric acid leading to direct tissue injury & lung parenchymal injury

Question 33

risk factors for chemical (aspiration) pneumonitis?

Answer 33

- increased intraabdominal pressure - delayed gastric emptying - altered consciousness or sedation - endotracheal intubtion, nasogastric tube - gastric reflux

Question 34

presentation of chemical pneumonitis?

Answer 34

- occurs within hours of the aspiration event - acute-onset dyspnea, low grade fever, hypoxemia - diffuse crackles on exam - chest xray infiltrates

Question 35

does chemical pneumonitis require antibiotics?

Answer 35

no - usually self resolves

Question 36

why is hypotension common after an epidural?

Answer 36

sympathetic fibers responsible for vascular tone may be blocked -> vasodilation and pooling

Question 37

how to treat hyptoension from an epidural?

Answer 37

IV fluids, putting woman in left lateral position to increase venous return, vasopressors if needed

Question 38

what treatments are given to a woman in preterm labour at <32 weeks?

Answer 38

- tocolysis - betamethasone - MgSulfate - penicillin

Question 39

what is indomethicin used for in preterm labour?

Answer 39

tocolysis

Question 40

adverse effect of indomethicin for tocolysis?

Answer 40

oligohydramnios (decreases prostaglandin production leading to fetal vasoconstriction which can lead to decreased fetal renal perfusion and oligouria)

Question 41

which antibiotics are given for asymptomatic bacteruria in pregnancy?

Answer 41

- cephalexin - amoxicillin-claluvonate - nitrofurantoin - fosfomycin

Question 42

can you give fluoroquinolones in pregnancy?

Answer 42

NO - teratogenic effects on fetal bone/tooth development

Question 43

what causes HIT?

Answer 43

heparin forms a complex with platelet factor 4

Question 44

clinical features of HIT?

Answer 44

drop in platelet count >50% - arterial or venous clots - necrosis at site - anaphylactoid reaction after heparin