Intestinal Failure Flashcards
what is intestinal failure?
inability to maintain adequate nutrition or fluid status via the intestines
what is the time frame for acute intestinal failure?
two weeks
what type(s) of intestinal failure are acute?
type 1 and 2
what type(s) of intestinal failure are chronic?
type 3
name a cause of acute intestinal failure
mucositis post chemotherapy
name a cause of chronic intestinal failure?
short gut syndrome
which type of intestinal failure is self limiting?
type 1
where would a patient with type 1 intestinal failure be treated?
on a ward
name three possible causes of type 1 intestinal failure
ileus
critical illness
various GI problems such as vomiting and dysphagia
how is type 2 intestinal failure treated?
prolonged parenteral nutrition (over 28 days)
where would a patient with type 2 intestinal failure be treated?
high dependency unit or ICU
name four causes of type 2 intestinal failure
post surgery awaiting reconstruction
crohn’s
adhesions
fistulae
how is type 3 intestinal failure treated?
long term PN support
where would a patient with type 3 intestinal failure be treated?
on a ward but sent home
name four causes of type 3 intestinal failure
crohn’s
dysmotility
malabsorption
inoperable obstruction
how is type 1 intestinal failure treated?
IV fluids and electrolytes
parenteral nutrition if needed
PPI’s
what length of small bowel counts as short bowel syndrome?
under 200cm
what is the most common indication for home parenteral nutrition?
short bowel syndrome
what are the two types of venous access that can be used for PN therapy?
peripheral
central
what is used for peripheral venous access in PN therapy?
blue 22G PVC
what is used for central venous access in PN therapy?
PICC for 14 days
tunneled catheter
vascuport
what does PICC stand for?
peripherally inserted central catheter
name three possible complications of central venous access in PN Therapy
pneumothorax
arterial puncture
misplacement
what is a last resort in intestinal failure?
small bowel transplantation
what other organ is often transplanted at the same time as a small bowel transplantation?
liver
