Incontinence

Question 1

why is female incontinence more common?

Answer 1

only have 1 sphincter

men have 2

Question 2

1st part of micturition cycle?

Answer 2

storage/filling phase

Question 3

the detrusor muscle is ___ during the filling phase

Answer 3

relaxed

Question 4

the detrusor muscle is ___ during the emptying phase

Answer 4

contracted

Question 5

the micturition centre is located in what area of the spinal cord?

Answer 5

S2-S3

Question 6

what does the micturition centre do to the autonomic nerves when you are going to pee?

Answer 6

increases parasympathetic control to detrusor

decreases sympathetic control to detrusor

Question 7

when the detrusor muscle is excited by parasympathetics in the micturition reflex, what happens?

Answer 7

sends efferent signals urethral sphincter telling it to relax

Question 8

what do stretch receptors do?

Answer 8

send signal to the micturition centre in the pons when bladder is full which will send neurons to the detrusor and sphincter when it is timely to urinate

Question 9

name the 2 micturition centres?

Answer 9

S2-3 in spinal cord

pons

Question 10

extra-urethral causes of incontinence?

Answer 10

fistula

ectopic ureter

Question 11

name the 4 kinds of incontinence?

Answer 11

urge
stress
mixed
overflow

Question 12

medical term for bedwetting?

Answer 12

nocturnal enuresis

Question 13

what causes overflow incontinence?

Answer 13

bladder outflow obstruction

Question 14

neurological causes of incontinence

Answer 14

parkinsons
MS
stroke
spinal injury

Question 15

how do you assess urgency?

Answer 15

ask what brings it on eg water, cough

Question 16

what bladder problem could cause urge incontinence?

Answer 16

detrusor overactivity

Question 17

how is detrusor overactivity diagnosed?

Answer 17

urodynamics

Question 18

cause of stress incontinence?

Answer 18

increased intraabdominal pressure

Question 19

Tx of overflow incontinence?

Answer 19

catheterise

treat obstruction

Question 20

Tx of urge incontinence?

Answer 20

retrain bladder
antimuscarinics
botox injection
surgery

Question 21

what drugs can cause urinary incontinence?

Answer 21

diuretics

sedatives

Question 22

max flow rate is higher in what gender and why?

Answer 22

women because there is less resistance (less sphincters)

Question 23

detrusor pressure is normal in __ incontinence

Answer 23

stress

Question 24

Tx of stress incontinence?

Answer 24

pelvic floor exercises
duloxetine
surgery

Question 25

85 yr old with bed wetting?

Answer 25

overflow incontinence