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Carpentry Level 3 > I7 - Learning Task #1 - Describe Cabinets > Flashcards

I7 - Learning Task #1 - Describe Cabinets Flashcards

1
Q

Name the three methods in which veneers are matched when bonded to a core:

A

1) Random Matched
2) Slip Matched
3) Book Matched

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2
Q

Hanger nails are similar to what other cabinet components?

A

Stretchers

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3
Q

Kicks are built to what height, and how far in from the front of a cabinet’s face?

A

4” high & and 3” in from the front of a cabinet face.

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4
Q

What is the depth and height of a vanity?

A

21” Deep and 32” High

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5
Q

What is the width and height of a kitchen base unit?

A

24” Deep and 36” High

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6
Q

Which of the following penetrates deep into wood fibres?

A

Dye.

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7
Q

Which finish bonds mechanically to previous coats?

A

Polyurethane.

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8
Q

What grit should cabinet components that will receive a stain finish be sanded to?

A

220 Grit

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9
Q

The Carcass of the cabinet includes:

A

The main body of the cabinet.

Includes: Bottom, shelf, gables, dividers, and web frames.

Not including Face frames, doors, and drawers.

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10
Q

Base Unit of Cabinet:

A

Cabinet in contact with the floor. May be free standing units or attached to a wall.

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11
Q

Wall Unit of Cabinet:

A

Cabinets that are attached to the wall but are in contact with the floor. May be hung from the ceiling or from hangers attached to blocking in the wall.

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12
Q

Cabinet Back

A

The cabinet back is usually thinner than the other parts.

1/4 “ is common but up to 3/4”

Cabinets that are permanently attached are often back-less.

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13
Q

Cabinet Bottom:

A

AKA Bottom Shelf,

It is supported by the base and in turn supports the gables, dividers, and back.

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14
Q

Cabinet Base:

A

Also called the kick. It’s the framework on which a cabinet is placed. Can be made from: 2x4, or 3/4” plywood or simply be recessed area in the front lower part of a gable. Usually recessed 3” from the front face of the cabinet to create a toe-space, allowing a person to stand close. Kick is usually 4”.

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15
Q

Cabinet Gable:

A

Two structural sides or ends of a carcass are called gables.

Provides support for shelves, drawers and countertops.

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16
Q

Cabinet Dividers:

A

Vertical components separate a carcass into two or more sections, they support shelves and drawer hardware.

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17
Q

Stretchers.

A

Also called screw cleats.

Found in the top part of the base unit.

These 3-4” wide strips of material are the same length as the bottom.

Support gables, dividers, backs and face frame rails.

Keep Dividers parallel to each other and are used to secure countertop to the base unit.

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18
Q

Cabinet Shelves:

A

The bottom shelf also forms the surface of a base or wall unit carcass.

Most common: 5 mm holes are drilled 32 mm apart in rows front and back of the sides and shelf supports are inserted at the appropriate location.

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19
Q

Hanger rails:

A

Similar to stretchers, hanger rails are found at the top and bottom of the back part of a wall and base units.

Used to thicken the back, thus giving the fastener sufficient material to fasten with. When backs are not used, a 3/4” hanger rail is used under the top and under the bottom of the lowest fixed shelf. In either case, a 3/4 thickness is required.

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20
Q

Cabinet Face Frame:

A

Traditional style. Consists of vertical members called stiles and horizontal members called rails. Made from solid hard or softwood materials. Not part of the carcass but attached to it as either a pre-built unit or fitted by piece to the carcass.

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21
Q

Stile:

A

3/4 thick vertical member in face frames and cabinet doors.

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22
Q

Rail:

A

3/4 thick horizontal members in face frames and doors. Referenced to face frames, they serve to support doors and drawer fronts and add separation between them.

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23
Q

Top (Countertop)

A

The top is the finished surface on the cabinet and attached to the carcase stretchers. Top is always included in top when height is described.

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24
Q

Cabinet Valance:

A

Valance is the space between the top of a kitchen cabinet and the ceiling when it is filled with material that matches the cabinets or is painted.

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25
Q

Dropped Ceiling:

A

When Valance is the same material as the ceiling.

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26
Q

Doors are most often attached:

A

Doors are most often attached to the gables, to a frame around the front edges of the carcass.

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27
Q

Inset Cabinet door:

A

Set into and flush with the face frame or carcass framing.

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28
Q

Cabinet Drawers can be constructed how

A

Cabinet drawers can be single and placed above doors, or they may be stacked in what is called a bank of drawers. Like doors, the drawer fronts can be overlaid, flush overlay or rabbeted.

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29
Q

Sizing allowance:

A

Best practice is to allow 1 1/16” for a perfect fit.
Best height allowance: of 3/4” above the drawer.

Most require a standard allowance of 1/2” on either side of the drawer (1” total). If this allowance is less than 1” the drawer will bind.

If greater than 1 1/16th the drawer will be loose and sloppy.

Best practice is to allow 1 1/16” for a perfect fit.

30
Q

Cabinets in contact with the floor are called:

A

Base Units,

Dimensions: 24” deep and 36” high.

31
Q

The height of vanity and kitchen cabinets includes:

A

The height of vanity and kitchen cabinets includes the top as part of the measurement as well.

32
Q

Countertops are usually what sizes?

A

25 1/2 “ deep, allowing a 1 1/2: overhang at the front.

Base units can be given specific names such as corner, sink, island, peninsula and pantry.

33
Q

Corners units range in size from:

A

32 x 32 to 36 x 36 and may contain a shelf or rotating turntable of shelves called “Lazy Susans”

34
Q

Sink Units range in size from:

A

34” to 36”

35
Q

Island units are:

A

Cabinets that are not attached to walls and are accessible on all sides. Minimum clearance measurement of 32” must be maintained around an island but 42” is preferable.

36
Q

Peninsula cabinets are:

A

Units that attach to a wall lat one end but extend into the kitchen so as to have access to both sides.

37
Q

Pantry cabinets are:

A

Units that run from floor to the top height of the wall units. These can be any size and may contain shelving.

38
Q

Vanity cabinets are:

A

Base units. Dimensions are 21” deep and 32” high. Must be made to include a small sink and contain one or more drawers. Placed besides toilet.

39
Q

Minimum clearance from the cabinet gable to the centre of the toilet:

A

Must be maintained at 15” from the gable to the center of the toilet.

40
Q

Wall units are:

A

Cabinets that are in contact with a wall but not the floor.

Dimensions are 12” deep x 30-32” high. Generally, wall units are kept 12” below the ceiling giving them a height of 17 1/2 to 18” measured from the countertop.

41
Q

If wall units run to the ceiling they’re how high?

A

If wall units run to the ceiling, they’re generally 42” high. Wall units are given specific names such as: corner, stove, fridge, peninsula and hutch.

42
Q

Corner units are generally sized at:

A

24 x 24 and can be any of the given heights. Given glass doors occasionally to add accents and have shelves or a lazy susan.

43
Q

Stove units are sized at:

A

30” wide and 16” wide, this is the width of a stove standard vent hood, and over-stove microwave unit.

44
Q

Refrigerator units general size:

A

36 “ wide and 14” high which will accommodate most refrigerators.

45
Q

Peninsula units are units that:

A

Attach to a wall and project out into the kitchen. These are accessible from both sides. Must be hung from hangers or ceiling.

46
Q

Hutch cabinets are built over buffet units and are sometimes called:

A

Built-in china cabinets. They are built over buffet units and are sometimes called built-in china cabinets. Have a glass panel door for display purposes.

47
Q

Traditional Face Frame Cabinet:

A

Traditional Face Frame Cabinet: Carcass with wooden framework over their fronts to hide the units edges, frame is built to allow front-mounted hinges.

48
Q

Frameless style cabinets:

A

Frameless style cabinets: AKA European or the Euro 32 MM system. This system eliminates the face frame replacing it with thin veneer cover over the front edges of the cabinet.

Hinges are completely hidden.

Incorporates a system of 5 mm diameter holes drilled 32 mm apart.

49
Q

Stiles, rails and raised panels are made from:

A

Stile, rails and raised panels are made from hardwood plywood.

50
Q

The exposed surface of the cabinet carcase is made from:

A

Veneer plywood or coated particleboard called: Melamine.

51
Q

Stability and cost:

A

Plywood panels are more stable than solid wood and because less of the actual hardwood is used, they allow the use of exotic species.

52
Q

Veneer panel products:

A

Thin veneer is cut from a flitch of the wood. Pieces of veneer are arranged in one of three ways when applied to a core:

1) Random Matched
2) Slip-Matched
3) Book-Matched

53
Q

Hardwood plywood cores:

A

Have either a core consisting of cross banded softwood veneers, particleboard, or combinations of OSB and particle board or MDF.

These cores are all designed to give the board dimensional stability.

54
Q

Hardwood plywood comes in which sizes?

A

4 x 8 but actual size is 48 1/2 by 96 1/2.

Thicknesses range from 1/8 to 3/4 in multiples of 1/8.

Thickness is usually thinner than the listed thickness.

55
Q

MDF board is used for cabinets parts when they are finished with what?

A

MDF board is used for cabinets parts when they are finished with what?

Paint.

Dense surface provides hard smooth base for painted finishes.

56
Q

Before a finish is applied, the edges of MDF should be wanted down with what materials?

A

Watered-down PVA glue, as this seals edge.

57
Q

MDF splits easily if fasteners are installed in its edge without pre-drilling, therefore:

A

MDF needs to be predrilled to prevent splitting.

58
Q

The best fastener for attaching mdf in its edges is:

A

Shankless drywall screws.

59
Q

What is hardboard?

A

Hardboard is a thin fibreboard, with two grades:

Tempered and plain. Tempered is much stronger than plain. It’s used for exposed surfaces such as wall paneling. Plain is used in the backs of cabinets, where little wear is received.

60
Q

What is particleboard?

A

Softer than MDF, is made from coarser particles of wood. It’s much weaker than MDF and should be only used where strength is not a requirement.

61
Q

What is melamine?

A

Melaine is a particleboard with a melamine coating baked onto it.

Low cost, dimensional stability, and workability make it the most used panel product in cabinet-making today.

62
Q

Cabinets doors may be made of:

A

Melamine, MDF with a PVC foil melted and vacuum pressed onto its surface.

63
Q

Raw wooden components require what kind of finishes?

A

Raw wooden components require finishes that help maintain the moisture content in the wood.

64
Q

How do you remedy glue squeeze-outs?

A

Do not rub, as it will clog pores even more of the wood. Wait for glue to gel and then remove it with a sharp chisel or scraper.

65
Q

Which type of grit sandpaper is needed for a painted finish?

A

120 to 180 grits.

66
Q

How is danish oil applied?

A

Applied with a rag or fine steel wool, Applied in three separate treatments, allowing for 24 hours of drying time between applications.

1st application, oil is applied to the wood and allowed to soak for 15-20 mins. Excess oil is removed with a dry rag.

After all coats are applied, an optional coat of wax may be applied for a desired sheen.

67
Q

What is a urethane?

A

Urethane provide a tough plastic like finish that provides wood components a good to excellent water-resistant finish, water based and oil base.

Three sheen types:Flat, semi gloss and high gloss.

68
Q

What is Lacquer?

A

The solvent base finishes with a fast cure time.

Most lacquers must be applied with pneumatic spray equipment.

Avoid being used where large amounts of water or humidity are present.

69
Q

How does Lacquer bond to previous coats?

A

Lacquer bonds chemically to previous coats, this means that a coat of lacquer will slightly dissolve the previous coat creating a single, thicker, and cohesive coat.

Coat after coat is applied until the desired thickness is achieved.

70
Q

What is a stain?

A

Particles of colour suspended in solvent, oil or water. Does not provide a protective finish to components unless otherwise noted on the can.

Important to sand all components to the same grit to ensure even colour throughout.

71
Q

What are dyes?

A

Dyes are not made up of particles, so they penetrate deeper into the wood than stain. Dyes may be used to tint the wood before staining.

72
Q

Which finish does not bond well to oils?

A

Urethanes and lacquers do not bond well to oils and oils cannot be used over urethanes or lacquers.

Carpentry Level 3 (60 decks)

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