Hypertension (Drugs)

Question 1

Captopril

Answer 1

ACE Inhibitor
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Inhibits ACE, preventing Ang II generation

Question 2

Valsartan

Answer 2

Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARBs)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Inhibits AT1 Receptor on SMC

Question 3

Bendroflumethiazide

Answer 3

Thiazide (Mild Diuretic)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Binds and inhibits Distal Tubular Na+/Cl- cotransporter
–> Decreases Blood Volume –>Decrease BP

Question 4

Dihydropyridine

Answer 4

Class of L-Type Voltage Gated Channel Antagonists
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduces Ca2+ into SMC
–> Arterial Dilation –> Reduces BP

Question 5

Nifedipine

Answer 5

L-Type Voltage Gated Channel Antagonists
- Treats Hypertension
- Treats Pregnancy Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduces Ca2+ into SMC
–> Arterial Dilation –> Reduces BP

Question 6

Amlodipine

Answer 6

L-Type Voltage Gated Channel Antagonists
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduces Ca2+ into SMC
–> Arterial Dilation –> Reduces BP

Question 7

Nicardipine

Answer 7

L-Type Voltage Gated Channel Antagonists
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduces Ca2+ into SMC
–> Arterial Dilation –> Reduces BP

Question 8

Felodipine

Answer 8

L-Type Voltage Gated Channel Antagonists
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduces Ca2+ into SMC
–> Arterial Dilation –> Reduces BP

Question 9

Prazosin

Answer 9

Alpha1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Blocks NE action on vascular SMC
–> Vasodilation + Reduce Arterial Pressure
–> Reduce BP

Question 10

Propranolol

Answer 10

Beta1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist
(Non-selective)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduce cardiac output
- Reduce renin release from kidneys
- Reduce sympathetic activity

Question 11

Alprenolol

Answer 11

Beta1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist
(Non-selective)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduce cardiac output
- Reduce renin release from kidneys
- Reduce sympathetic activity

Question 12

Metoprolol

Answer 12

Beta1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist
(Beta1-Selective)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Reduce cardiac output
- Reduce renin release from kidneys
- Reduce sympathetic activity

Question 13

Nebivolol

Answer 13

Beta1 Adrenoceptor Antagonist
(Beta1 Selective)
- Treats Hypertension

MOA:
- Enhances NO production
–> Vasodilator

Question 14

Nitroprusside

Answer 14

Powerful Vasodilator
- Used to treat hypertensive emergencies

MOA:
- NO donator
–> Simulates cGMP signaling –> Acts on arterial and venous smooth muscle

• Generates Cyanide
• Short term use (72 hours max)

Question 15

Methyldopa

Answer 15

Pregnancy Hypertension Treatments

MOA:
Converted into methylnoradrenaline
–> Less active than NA
–> Decreases sympathetic activity on smooth muscle

Question 16

Labetalol

Answer 16

Pregnancy Hypertension Treatments

MOA:
Alpha/Beta adrenoceptor antagonist

Question 17

Hydralazine

Answer 17

Pregnancy Hypertension Treatments

MOA:
inhibits IP3-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release in smooth muscle cells of Arteries
–> Less Ca2+ = Less contractions