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PHARM 203 (Final) > Angina (General) > Flashcards

Angina (General) Flashcards

1
Q

Myocardial Ischemia

A

Decreased ratio of O2 Supply : O2 Demand
–> Inadequate blood supply

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2
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

Tissue death

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3
Q

Myocardial Ischemia (Therapy)

A

Lifestyle changes

Revascularization
- PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention)
–> Insert a balloon to open closed artery
- CABG (Coronary Bypass Graft Surgery)
–> Redirect blood flow around damaged area

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4
Q

Determinants of Supply

A

Coronary Diameter (Blood supplying heart)
Collateral Blood Flow (Back up vessels)
Perfusion Pressure (Pressure that supplies body with blood)
Heart Rate / Diastole (Pumps blood to body)

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5
Q

Determinants of Demand

A

More energy = More oxygen
- Heart rate
- Systolic Blood Pressure
- Myocardial Wall Stress + Contractility

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6
Q

Angina
- What is it?
- Caused by?

A

Chest Pain
- When heart muscle does not get enough oxygen

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7
Q

How to treat Angina

A

Decrease O2 demand
- Slow down heart rate
- Decrease heart contractility

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8
Q

Beta Blockers (VSMC)
- Agonist

A

Promotes Relaxation

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9
Q

Beta Blockers (VSMC)
- Antagonist

A

Promotes contraction

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10
Q

Beta Blockers (Cardiac Cell)
- Agonist

A

Promotes Contraction

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11
Q

Beta Blockers (Cardiac Cell)
- Antagonist

A

Inhibits Contraction

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12
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker (VSMC)

A

DHP
- Promote Relaxation

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13
Q

Calcium Channel Blocker (Cardiac Cell)

A

Non-DHP
- Inhibit Contraction

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14
Q

Increasing Myocardial Contraction
- When?

A
  • Reduce risk of low cardiac output
  • Following cardiac surgery
  • Cases of cardiogenic / septic shock
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15
Q

Arterial Dilators

A

Decrease vascular resistance
- Decreases afterload on left ventricle
–> Reduces demand of oxygen

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16
Q

Venous Dilators

A

Reduce venous pressure
- Decreases preload on heart
–> Decreases cardiac output

17
Q

Nitrate Chronic Use

A

Nitrates are abossrbed qickly, have short half lives

Not used chronically, patients are quick to develop resistance
- Impaired conversion to NO active form
- Dysfunction of endothelial
- Forms free radicals
- Increased release of vasoconstrictors in response

18
Q

Stable Angina

A

Classic
- Atherosclerosis
–> Fatty Plaque causes narrowing of vessel

19
Q

Unstable Angina

A

Crescendo
- Atherosclerosis + Blood Clot
–> Plaque is unstable and releases stuff causing thrombosis

20
Q

Variant Angina

A

Prinzmetal
- Coronary Spasm

PHARM 203 (Final) (41 decks)

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