hypertension

Question 1

the figure

normal blood pressure

Answer 1

120/80 mmHg

Question 2

types of hypertension

Answer 2

essential(primary) and non essential (secondary)

Question 3

essential(primary) hypertension

Answer 3

medical condition characterized by consistently elevated blood pressure without an identifiable cause.

Question 4

non-essential hypertension

Answer 4

type of hypertension with identifiable causes

Question 5

factors implicated in essential hypertension

Answer 5

Obesity
Insulin resistance
High alcohol intake
High salt intake (in salt-sensitive patients)
Aging
Sedentary lifestyle
Stress
Low potassium intake
Low calcium intake

Question 6

causes of the non essential hypertension

Answer 6

Renal artery stenosis
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Chronic renal disease
stress
sleep apnea
Hyper- or hypothyroidism
Drugs
Preeclampsia
Pheochromocytoma
Aortic coarctation

Question 7

stages for hypertension

Answer 7

Stage 1
stage 2
severe

Question 8

outline what you know about stage 1 hypertension

Answer 8

Clinic BP is 140/90 mmHg or higher

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) daytime average or home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) average blood pressure is 135/85 mmHg or higher

Question 9

outline what you know about stage 2 hypertension

Answer 9

Clinic BP is 160/100 mmHg or higher ABPM daytime average or HBPM average blood pressure is 150/95 mmHg or higher

Question 10

outline what you know about severe hypertension

Answer 10

Clinic systolic BP is 180 mmHg or higher
Clinic diastolic BP is 110 mmHg or higher

Question 11

why are clinic values for BP higher than ABPM or HBPM

Answer 11

the white coat effect. Anxiety and stress due to being in the presence of a health care professional
anxiety and stress increase BP

Question 12

or each BP measurement using the HBPM, how many measurements are taken consecutively and how long apart from they be from each other.
also in what position should the person be?

Answer 12

2
at least 1 minute from each other
seated