CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Question 1

liknked to blood supply

ischaemia

Answer 1

inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles

Question 2

function of the coronary artery

Answer 2

main function of the coronary arteries is to ensure that the heart muscle receives an adequate and continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients, as the heart itself requires a significant amount of oxygen to function properly.

Question 3

infarction

Answer 3

death of tissue resulting from a failure of blood supply

Question 4

deprivation of oxygen

causes of myocardial ischemia

Answer 4

Atherosclerosis
Embolus
Vasospasm in the coronary arteries
Vasculitis

Question 5

atherosclerosis

Answer 5

a progressive condition characterized by the buildup of fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances on the inner walls of arteries

Question 6

pneumonic is BAD HEART

risk factors of atherosclerosis

Answer 6

BMI
AGE
DIABETES

HYPERTENSION
ETHANOL
ALTERED LIPIDS
RELATIVES
TOBACCO

Question 7

which type of cholesterol is accumulated in atherosclerosis

Answer 7

LDLs

Question 8

difference in function between the HDLs and the LDLs

Answer 8

HDL is often referred to as “good cholesterol” because its primary function is to remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for excretion while LDL is often known as “bad cholesterol” because its primary function is to transport cholesterol from the liver to the cells and tissues

Question 9

do the cells die during ischaemia?

Answer 9

no, as condition could be reversed if oxygen is supplied, but if the condition persists for long enough, the cells could die
The extent of damage depends on the duration and severity of the ischemic event.

Question 10

involved in cholesterol synthesis

what is the mechanism of action of statins

Answer 10

Inhibition of the enzyme HMG CoA Reductase

Question 11

some conditions that form part of the acute coronary syndrome

Answer 11

unstable angina
Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
coronary artery thrombosis
myocardial ischaemia

Question 12

angina

Answer 12

type of chest pain or discomfort that occurs when there is reduced blood flow to the heart muscle

Question 13

difference between stable and unstable angina respectively

Answer 13

Predictable chest pain or discomfort that occurs with physical exertion or stress and is relieved with rest or medication while unstable angina is Chest pain or discomfort that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is more severe, prolonged, or unpredictable. It may signal an impending heart attack.

Question 14

name 3 symptoms of angina

Answer 14

chest pain
heavy weight on chest
diaphoresis