Human breathing Chp30 Flashcards
What are the parts of the respiratory system
nose, mouth, nasal passage, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, alveoli, pleural membranes, diaphragm
What is the pharynx
the throat
What is the larynx
the voice box
What is the trachea made up of
muscle and elastic fibres with c-shaped rings of cartilage
What is the function of the c-shaped rings of cartilage in the trachea
prevents the tubes from closing in when air is drawn in through them
What is the function of alveoli
gas exhange
How are the alveoli adapted for gas exchange
huge number of them, thin walls, moist surface, enclosed in a network of blood capillaries
What is inhalation
breathing in
Describe the events in inhalation
brain sends a message to the intercostal muscle to contract, the ribs are pulled up and out and the diaphragm curves down, volume of chest increases decreasing pressure, air is pulled in
What is exhalation
breathing out
Describe the events in exhalation
intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax, ribs move down and in and the diaphragm curves up, volume of chest decreases increasing the pressure in the chest, air is forced out
What is the effect of exercise on the rate of breathing
breathing rate increases as there is more CO2 in the blood
What is a named breathing disorder
asthma
What is a cause of asthma
allergens (pollen, dust)
What is a prevention method for asthma
avoid allergens
