Food Chp3

Question 1

Biomolecules

Answer 1

Chemicals that are made inside a living thing

Question 2

Types of carbohydrates

Answer 2

Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 3

What are monosaccharides

Answer 3

Carbohydrates composed of one sugar unit e.g glucose

Question 4

What are disaccharides

Answer 4

Carbohydrates composed of two sugar units e.g maltose

Question 5

What are polysaccharides

Answer 5

Carbohydrates composed of many sugar units e.g starch

Question 6

Structural role of carbohydrates

Answer 6

Cellulose is used to form plant cell walls

Question 7

Metabolic role of carbohydrates

Answer 7

Glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy

Question 8

Elements in carbohydrates

Answer 8

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 9

Elements in lipids

Answer 9

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 10

Structure of triglycerides

Answer 10

One glycerol linked to 3 fatty acids

Question 11

Structure of phospholipids

Answer 11

1 glycerol linked to 2 fatty acids and 1 phosphate

Question 12

Structural role of lipids

Answer 12

Energy(food) store

Question 13

Metabolic role of lipids

Answer 13

Can be broken down in respiration to release energy

Question 14

Elements in proteins

Answer 14

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Can contain small amounts of sulfur

Question 15

Structure of proteins

Answer 15

Composed of amino acids. 20 common and several rare amino acids

Question 16

Fibrous proteins

Answer 16

Little or no folding e.g keratin in hair, nails and feathers

Question 17

Globular proteins

Answer 17

Show lots of folding e.g enzymes

Question 18

Metabolic role of proteins

Answer 18

Used to control reactions. Also form antibodies

Question 19

structural role of proteins

Answer 19

Keratin is found in skin and hair

Question 20

Water-soluble vitamin

Answer 20

Vitamin-C

Question 21

Metabolic role of vitamin-C

Answer 21

Help immune system, help heal wounds, help the formation of connective tissue

Question 22

Deficiency of vitamin-C: name+symptoms

Answer 22

Scurvy: bleeding gums and loose teeth

Question 23

Fat-soluble vitamin

Answer 23

Vitamin-D

Question 24

Metabolic role of vitamin-D

Answer 24

Help absorb calcium from intestine

Question 25

Deficiency of vitamin-D: name+symptoms

Answer 25

rickets: weak deformed bones that break easily

Question 26

Minerals plants need

Answer 26

Magnesium and calcium

Question 27

What does magnesium do in plants

Answer 27

Helps form chlorophyll

Question 28

What does calcium do in plants

Answer 28

Helps cell walls to attach to each other

Question 29

Minerals animals need

Answer 29

Iron and Calcium

Question 30

What does iron do in humans

Answer 30

Helps form haemoglobin

Question 31

What does calcium do in humans

Answer 31

helps form bones and teeth

Question 32

Importance of water in living things

Answer 32

component in cytoplasm and bodily floods, Good solvent, Participates in chemical reactions

Question 33

What is an anabolic reaction and example

Answer 33

uses energy to convert smaller molecules into larger molecules, Photosynthesis

Question 34

What is a catabolic reaction and example

Answer 34

release energy when a complex molecule is broken down to a simpler form, respiration