Homeostasis - The kidney

Question 1

what happens if body cells gain or lose too much water by osmosis?

Answer 1

they don’t work effectively

Question 2

how does body take in food?

Answer 2

through food and drink

Question 3

how does the body lose water?

Answer 3

• via the lungs when we exhale (body can’t control this)
• through sweat which contains ions and waste product urea (body can’t control)
• via the kidneys, urine. body can control this

Question 4

what happens if blood is too dilute?

Answer 4

kidneys will remove excess waste and produce a greater volume of urine. urea and excess ions are removed in urine

Question 5

how many kidneys does a human have?

Answer 5

2

Question 6

how does blood enter the kidney? what happens?

Answer 6

blood enters through an artery. blood contains waste product urea. kidney will remove urea as well as excess ions and excess water. these leave kidney as urine and urine is stored in the bladder. blood leaves kidney through a vein and there is no urea in blood now.

Question 7

how does a kidney adjust molecules in the blood?

Answer 7

blood passes through capillaries where small molecules are filtered out of the blood including urea, ions and water as well as glucose. these pass into tubules. now all of the glucose, some ions and some water are real sorbet back into the blood. this is selective reabsorotion. urea, excess ions and excess water are released as urine.

Question 8

how many filtered ions renewer the blood?

Answer 8

it depends on the body’s needs and will be adjusted same with glucose

Question 9

how does the body deal with excess amino acids?

Answer 9

liver breaks down excess amino acids to produce the chemical ammonia. this process is known as deamination

Question 10

what does the liver immediately do to ammonia and why?

Answer 10

converts it to urea as it is toxic. urea is then safely excreted by the kidneys