Homeostasis - contraception Flashcards
what is contraception?
ways to prevent fertilisation
what is a very common method of contraception?
oral contraceptives e.g the pill
what does the pill contain? what does this prevent?
hormones which prevent the body from producing the hormone FSH which prevents an eggs from maturing
what is an advantage of contraceptive pill?
highly effective if taken correctly
what is a disadvantage if contraceptive pill?
has to be taken everyday. if woman forgets to take it, there is a risk of pregnancy
what are the side effects of certain contraceptive pills?
increased risk of breast cancer and blood clots (small risks)
what is another hormonal form of contraception? what does it do?
use an implant, a skin patch or an injection which contain progesterone (stops eggs from maturing or being released)
what is an advantage of an implant, skin patch or injection?
more convenient than taking a daily pill
e.g implant - last 3 years
contraceptive injection - lasts 13 weeks
patch - lasts around 1 week
what is a disadvantage of implant, skin patch and contraceptive injection?
side effects
what is another disadvantage of both pill and other hormonal forms of contraception?
don’t protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) eg HIV
what does the barrier method control?
a condom or diaphragm
what do barrier methods prevent? effectiveness?
sperm from reaching an egg. effective if used correctly
advantage of barrier method?
because they don’t use hormones so they don’t have side effects
condoms, reduce risk of STIs
what is a disadvantage of a condom?
they can slip off or break
when are condors and diaphragm more effective?
if used with a spermicide gel
what is the function if spermicides?
kill or disable sperm and reduce the chances of fertilisation
what is the coil? job?
it is a intrauterine device or IUD that women use to prevent an embryo from implanting
what do some coils release?
hormones to reduce chances of fertilisation
advantage of IUD?
disadvantage?
A: highly effective and prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years. very few side effects
D: doesn’t protect against sexually transmitted infections
what is sterilisation?
surgical forms of contraception
what does sterilisation prevent in women? + men?
women: prevents egg from reaching the uterus
men: prevents sperm from leaving the penis
adavantage if sterilisation? disadvantage?
A: highly effective
D: difficult to reverse. person has to be certain on never wanting children. don’t protect against STIs
what is a natural form of contraception?
abstaining from sexual intercourse during time after ovulation
disadvantage of natural form of contraception?
D: hard to tell when a woman has ovulated (making it difficult). doesn’t protect against STIs
views on contraception?
Catholic church?
others?
it is unethical, apart from natural methods.
other people believe it is a right to choose what form is best for them.
many people point out using a condominium reduces risk of sexually transmitted infection
(ultimately, issues around contraception can’t be answered by science alone)
