Heart Failure Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

When is ejection fraction classed as impaired

A

If <35-40%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes HF with diastolic dysfunction

A

HOCM, restrictive cardiomyopathy, cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Features HF with diastolic dysfunction

A

Usually preserved EF
There is impaired ventricular filling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes HF with systolic dysfunction

A

Ischaemic heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, arrhythmias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Features of HF with systolic dysfunction

A

Usually reduced EF
Impaired myocardial contraction during systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Symptoms of left heart failure

A

Pulmonary oedema, dyspnoea, orthpnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea, bibasal fine crackles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Symptoms of right heart failure

A

Peripheral oedema, raised JVP, hepatomegaly, weight gain, anorexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of left heart failure

A

Increased LV afterload - arterial HTN, aortic stenosis.
Increased LV preload - aortic regurgitation resulting in backflow to LV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Causes of right heart failure

A

Increased RV afterload - pulmonary HTN.
Increased RV preload - tricuspid regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Causes of high output heart failure

A

Anaemia, AV malformations, Paget’s disease, pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis, thaimine deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is high-output heart failure

A

When the normal heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic demands of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is acute heart failure

A

Sudden onset or worsening of the symptoms of heart failure. Can be present with or without pre-existing HF. Most likely decompensated heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Precipitating causes of acute heart failure

A

ACS, hypertensive crises, acute arrhytmia, valve disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is De-Novo heart failure

A

Causes by increased cardiac filling pressures and myocardial dysfunction usually as a result of ischaemia. Reduced cardiac output and hypoperfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is chronic HF diagnosed

A

First line test is NT-proBNP blood test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly