Health Science Med Term Review 2 Flashcards
Mastication
Chewing
Peristalsis
Wave-like movement of smooth muscle
Defecation
Excretion of waste thru colon
Deglutination
Swallowing
stomach fx
holds food and breaks it down w/ enzymes/acid
pancreas
produces enzymes, bile, and insulin
small intestine
absorbs nutrients. bile excreted here
large intestine
absorbs water
liver
processes blood and cleans it of waste
gastr/o
stomach
odon/o
tooth
-ology
study of
chol/e
gall/bile
cirrh/o
orange/yellow
-orexia
appetite
-ase
enzyme
abd
abdominal/abdomen
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease. heartburn
po
byy mouth
enter/o
small intestines
hepat/o
liver
-emesis
vomiting
-rrhea
flow/excessive discharge
lapar/o
abdominal wall/abdomen
-chezia
defecation/elimination of waste
-phagia
eat/swallow/engulf
ac
before meals
IBS
irritable bowel syndrome
SOB
shortness of breath
colon/o, col/o
large intestines
-ologist
one who studies/specialist
proct/o
rectum/anus
labi/o
lip
-megaly
enlargment
endo-
in/within
-pepsia
digestion
pc
after meals
NG
nasogastric
peptic ulcer
erosion of stomach lining due to acidity of stomach acid raising
duodenal ulcer
erosion of wall of duodenum
Cholelithiasis
stones in gall bladder. URQ pain, tx cholecystectomy.
celiac disease
gluten allergy/sensitivity. autoimmune. sx- bloating, cramping, diarrhea
chron’s disease
autoimmune that causes hyperinflam. of GI tract. Debilitating pain, causes loss of function in intestines.
GERD/pyrosis
heartburn. burning of esophageal lining by stomach acid. tx- acid blocker meds. can be caused by hernia
hernia
guts rupture into any adjacent cavity where they arent supposed to be. most common are hiatal (thru diaphragm) and inguinal.
ileus
blockage of the GI tract. multiple types. causes bacteria infection d/t stopage of processed material. painful
barium study
drink a chalky substance or insert up rectum, x-rays taken to see supper and lower GI
opthalm/o
eye
OU
each eye
O.D.
doctor of optometry
AD/AS/AU
right ear, left ear, each ear
AD
alzheimer’s disease
keratin/o
cornea
ot/o
ear
epi-
on, over, upon
-paresis
weakness
para-
near, beside, alongside, beyond, abn
ANS
automatic nervous system
phas/o
speech
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
QID
4 times per day
audi/o
hearing
exo-
outward
dacry/o
tear
-esthesia
feeling/sensation
phren/o
mind
-algesia
pain/sensitivity
-tropic
turning
HA
headache
ICP
intracranial pressure
cerumen/o
cerumen/earwax
blephar/o
eyelid
O.S.
left eye
OD
right eye
PEERLA
pupils equal, round, & reactive to light and accommodations
myring/o
tympanic membrane/eardrum
lacrim/o
tears
hemi-
half
-otia
ear condition
con-
together/ with
cephal/o
head
psych/o
mind
RN
registered nurse
BID
twice per day
opthalm/o
eye
eso-
inward
-lepsy
seizure
encephala/o
brain
phas/o
speech
-cele
hernia/swelling/protrusion
CBT
cognitive behavioral therapy
LP
lumbar puncture
H&P
history and physical
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
CNS
Central nervous system
PNS
Peripheral Nervous system
-ptosis
drop/sag/prolapse/protrude
ocul/o
eye
olfact/o
smell
poli/o
grey matter
schiz/o
split
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
contus/o
to bruise
somat/o
bodyq
TID
3 times a day
gtt
drops
-cusis
hearing
-opia
vision condition
hypn/o
sleep
-plegia
paralysis
syncop/o
to cut off/cut short/faint
-rrhaphy
suture
EDH
epidural hematoma
R/O
rule out
PET
positron emission tomography
AD
alzheimer’s. idiopathic atrophy of neurons, getting more common
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, AKA lou gherig’s
TIA/CVA
transient ischemic attack/cerebral vascular accident. ischemic and hemorrhagic. stroke. TIA is precursor to CVA, which is a stroke
MS
multiple sclerosis. autoimmune breakdown of myelin
guillain-barre
autoimmune post bacterial or viral infection. attacks neurons
CP
cerebral palsy. congenital or at birth. abn brain dev.
parkinson’s
CNS issue w/ neurotransmitter dopamine. idiopathic. TREMORS.
seizure
can be d/t epilepsy, brain
‘stutter’, etc. brain calling out in pain
diabetic retinopathy
found using opthalmoscope. d/t untreated or mismanaged diabetes. capillary damage leads to tissue death and blindness
glaucoma
intraocular pressure issue due to drainage problem of aqueous humor. too much fluid buildup, which messes up pressure. puts pressure on optic nerve which causes it to shut down permanently
macular degeneration
degen of macula due to age related atrophy. macula is spot on retina with most rods and cones. idiopathic, no tx
retinal detachment
emergency. spontaneous detachment of retina, causes immediate blindness. permanent if not treated immediately
myopia
nearsightedness. light rays converge in front of retina
hyperopia
farsightedness. light rays converge behind retina. common in elderly
meniere’s disease
vertigo/dizziness. very inner ear; too much fluid tells brain that the head is spinning, causing vertigo all the time. clogging issue of canals
neural hearing loss
usu dt cochlea’s inability to convert sound to electrical signals. usu at birth. implants to tx. cochlear impant
conductive hearing loss
ossicles get overused (osteoarthritis). cant get signals to cochlea. hearing aids tx
tinnitis
ringing in ears or sometimes buzzing. idiopathic no tx
TBI
traumatic brain injury/concussion
CTE
chronic traumatic encephalopathy. sx- are like alzheimer’s.reoccuring TBI’s cause scary tissue in brain, causing cutting off of nerve signals. only seen after death in brain dissection.
Cirrhosis
Scarring of liver d/t alcoholism or hepatitis
hepatitis
viral infection of liver
