Chapter 9 Nervous System Anatomy Flashcards
Three functions?
Sensory input, integration, and motor output.
Sensory input
Electrical impulse sent from eyes, ears, nose, tongue, or skin to the CNS
Integration
Info from sensory organs are interpreted
Motor output
Response generated from the interpretation of sensory input. Occurs in voluntary or involuntary movement.
What muscles are involuntary movement?
Cardiac and smooth muscle
What muscle is voluntary movement
Skeletal muscle
CNS
Central Nervous System. Brain and spinal cord
PNS
Peripheral Nervous System. All nerves outside of CNS
Cerebrum
2 hemispheresand 4 lobes
Lobes of cerebrum (4)
Occipital, Temporal, Parietal, Frontal
Occipital lobe
Eyesight/vision
Temporal
Smell, hearing, language, and factual/visual memory
Frontal
Controls movement, personality/emotion, problem/solution, and speech
Parietal
Receives and interprets sensory impulses to touch, pain, pressure, and temp
See notes and quiz on position of the lobes
Left brain
Logical
Right brain
Creative, think outside the box, emotional
What connects the left and right brain?
Nothing except the brain stem
Brain stem
Connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord
Pons
Bridge where nerves cross over
Mid brain
Passageway for electrical impulses
Medulla oblongata
Vital functions (Respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, and temp)
Quiz yourself on where each part of the brainstem is
Cerebellum
Controls balance and equilibrium. Provides precise timing for skeletal muscle. Coordination of body movements.
Spinal cord
Transmits nerve impulses between brain, limbs, and lower part of body. Protected by CSF and spinal column. Composed of neural tissue.
Protection of CNS
Scalp, skin, skull, vertebral column, meninges, CSF, blood-brain barrier.
Blood-brain barrier
“Filter”. Filters blood from arteries that supply the brain to have extra security and cleanliness. Not fool proof
PNS functions and what it’s composed of
Composed of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves. Receives and transmits messages.
Afferent
Sensory info to the brain. Sensory nerves. Sends messages towards CNS
Efferent
Motor info out/away from the brain. Motor nerves. Receives messages from CNS.
Neuron
Basic cell of nervous system (singular nerve cell)
Cranial nerves
Nerves that connect the brain to mostly to cranial features
Spinal nerves
Nerves that branch off from the spinal cord.
