Chapter 10 Diseases and Conditions of the EYE

Question 1

Cataract

Answer 1

Clouding of the lens from abn protein deposits.
Idiopathic but some say its genetic.
Fixed with surgically replacing the lens with a cadaverous lens.
Animals can get this too.
sx: blurry/cloudy vision. Can live with mild cataracts

Question 2

Diabetic Retinopathy

Answer 2

Ruptured capillaries inside the eye from untreated diabetes that can result in progressive vision loss (takes a long time). Can be seen thru an ophthalmoscope. Ruptured capillaries causes tissue death and vision loss.

Question 3

Ectropion

Answer 3

EVERSION of the eyelid (bottom eyelid turns OUTWARDS). Exposes eye to everything in the air which causes proneness to infection. Usu left alone. Common in older ppl

Question 4

Entropion

Answer 4

INVERSION of the eyelid. Can go untreated but if eyelashes are irritating the eye surgery may be needed.

Question 5

Glaucoma

Answer 5

Disease where intraocular pressure causes damage to retina and optic nerve if left untreated. Idiopathic but may be hereditary. Can result in blindness. Prescription eyedrops to treat. Tonometry to test for it. sx: Very high intraocular pressure may cause pain.

Question 6

Hordeolum/Sty

Answer 6

Inflammation of an oil gland in the eyelid. Essentially a pimple on the eye area. Very painful.

Question 6

Macular Degeneration

Answer 6

Progressive age related deterioration of the macula.

Question 7

Macula & what it’s also called

Answer 7

Area on retina that helps you see acutely/more clearly. AKA Fovea centralis. Approx. in same area in all ppl.

Question 7

Rods and cones

Answer 7

Interprets color and light rates. More rods and cones means more vibrant/crisp vision

Question 7

Refractive disorders

Answer 7

Disorders from irregularly shaped cornea lens that affects the way light enters the eye and also the shape of the eye. Causes blurry vision.

Question 7

Astigmatism

Answer 7

Defective curvature of cornea producing blurred vision. Light ray goes to optic nerve cone shaped instead of pinpoint. Glasses/contacts to help.

Question 7

Hyperopia

Answer 7

Condition of shorted eyeball shape that results in FARSIGHTEDNESS. Can’t see up close. Glasses to treat.

Question 8

Myopia

Answer 8

Condition of ELONGATED eyeball shape resulting in NEARSIGHTEDNESS

Question 9

Presbyopia

Answer 9

FARSIGHTEDNESS in old people from reduced elasticity in lens