group processes

Question 1

Team categories

Answer 1

Additive/Independent teams;
- Indivi’s compete seperately (gymnast)

Reactive teams:
- Indivi’s interact during performance and respond to actions but not always at the same time (eg softball)

Coactive teams
- Indivi’s compete side by side at same time w limited interaction (canoeists)

Interactive teams:
- Indivi’s continuously interact with each other throughout contest. (volleybal)

Question 2

Elements of how teams develup (Tuckman)

Answer 2

Forming; Indivi’s familiarize themselves w each other, establishing purpose

Storming; Conflicts arise as plays discuss suitable goals

Norming; players resolve conflicts, build cohesion and set team norms.

PErforming; team operates effectively in persuit of goals

Adjourning; following tsk completion, players reduce contact w each other

Question 3

Another approach sets stages (Arrow

Answer 3

Discontent; No team identification

Team identification: After dropping, selected players feel Increase in commitment

Group productivity: Focus on production, contribution to team

Individuation: Demanding recognition for contributions

Decay: Loss of interest in team

(Both approaches highlight that conflict is a normal part of a teams lifecycle.

Question 4

Ringelmann Effect

Answer 4

As group size increases, individual members become increasingly less productive.

Question 5

Social loafing

Answer 5

Ringelmann believed it was due to coordination losses, but the relative decrease can be attributed to lost motivation. Exerting less effort when working in teams then they would alone.

• loafing increases if productivity can’t be evaluated independently from others
• When they think their efforts are redundent/not unique
• When the task feels meaningless
• When its haard to evaluate team performance against suitable criteria.
• When there’s low team cohesion