Gross Clinical Q & A

Question 1

Sarah, a 47 year old is complaining of low back pain. In the examination portion, she tells you that she has an electric-like pain going down her posterior leg. What nerve is affected and what muscle is compressing it?

Answer 1

Sciatic Nerve and Piriformis Muscle

Question 2

What nerve would be injured in an inability to lift the front part of your foot off of the ground- aka drop foot?

Answer 2

Deep Fibular Nerve

Question 3

John, has a serious complication of fractures of the femoral neck. After getting imaging done, you notice that he has avascular necrosis in the femoral head. This usually results from rupture of which artery?

Answer 3

Medial circumflex Artery

Question 4

A patient walks in the clinic and has a hernia that is compressing
the obturator nerve in obturator canal, what muscles may be affected by this?

Answer 4

Adductor Brevis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Magnus (Adductor part)
Gracilis
Obturator Externus

Question 5

Patient received deep laceration on medial side of right knee, and noticed numbness along medial side of the right leg and foot. No motor deficit. Which nerve is injured?

Answer 5

Saphenous Nerve

Question 6

If the sciatic nerve is injured near the greater sciatic foramen, what action at the hip will be weakened?

Answer 6

Extension of the hip

Question 7

A patient who has had a skiing accident is brought to the emergency room. The region around his knee is swollen. The skin of his foot is pale and no dorsalis pedis pulse can be detected. An x-ray reveals a fracture of the femur immediately proximal to the femoral condyles. What artery has been compressed by the displacement of this fracture?

Answer 7

Popliteal Artery

Question 8

A patient walks in the clinic and has sensation impairments on the lateral thigh, what nerve is affected

Answer 8

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous

Question 9

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the Adductor compartment?

A) Obturator Vein
B) Gracilis
C) Femoral Artery
D) Profunda Femoris Artery

Answer 9

C) Femoral Artery

Question 10

A lesion to the Posterior Division of the L3 in the Lumbar Plexus will affect what nerves?

Answer 10

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous N.
Femoral N.
Accessory Obturator N.

Question 11

What are the boarders of the Femoral Triangle?

A) Sartorius, Inguinal Ligament, Adductor Brevis
B)Gracilis, Sartorius, Inguinal Ligament
C) Inguinal Ligament, Sartorius, Adductor Longus
D) Pectineus, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris

Answer 11

C) Inguinal Ligament, Sartorius, Adductor Longus

Question 12

When the knee is in full extension, what muscle is responsible for “unlocking” the knee into flexion?
A) Plantaris
B) Popliteus
C) Medial Gastrocnemius
D) Bicep Femoris

Answer 12

B) Popliteus

Question 13

A patient presents in the clinic with Genu Valgum, what would be the direction of patella tracking?

Answer 13

It would track laterally

Question 14

A football player had to be carted off the field after being tackled, when he got an MRI done, he tore his ACL, MCL, and Medial Meniscus. The rupture of these three structures is called?

Answer 14

Unhappy Triad

Question 15

A lesion to the Deep Fibular Nerve after it goes under the Superior and Inferior Extensor Retinaculum, what muscles will be affect?

Answer 15

Extensor Digitorum Brevis,
Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Question 16

A basketball sprained his ankle after jumping up for a rebound, his foot went into plantar flexion and inversion. What ligament do you suspect will be injured?

Answer 16

Anterior Talofibular Ligament
(ATFL)

Question 17

What nerve is the most often injured in the lower limb?

Answer 17

The Common Fibular

Mainly because it winds subcutaneously around the fibular neck, leaving it vulnerable to direct trauma