Gross 2 Femoral Region Flashcards
What is the pathway blood takes to get from the Abdominal Aorta to Superior Gluteal?
Abdominal Aorta -> Common Iliac -> Internal Iliac
-> (Posterior Division) Superior Gluteal
What is the pathway blood takes to get from the Abdominal Aorta to Inferior Gluteal?
Abdominal Aorta -> Common Iliac -> Internal Iliac
-> (Posterior or Anterior Division, varies person to person) Inferior Gluteal
What is the pathway blood takes to get from the Abdominal Aorta to Internal Pudendal?
Abdominal Aorta -> Common Iliac -> Internal Iliac
-> (Anterior Division) Internal Pudendal
What is the pathway blood takes to get from the Abdominal Aorta to Obturator?
Abdominal Aorta -> Common Iliac -> Internal Iliac
-> (Anterior Division) Obturator
How does the Superior Gluteal Artery exit the pelvis?
Via the Greater Sciatic Foramen (Above the Piriformis)
How does the Inferior Gluteal Artery exit the pelvis?
via the Greater Sciatic Foramen (Below the Piriformis)
How does the Internal Pudendal Artery exit the pelvis?
via the Greater Sciatic Foramen and re-enters the pelvis via the Lesser Sciatic Foramen
How does the Obturator Artery exit the pelvis?
via the Obturator foramen (canal)
What is Angle of Inclination?
The angle created by the intersection of a line between the head/neck of the femur and the shaft of the femur
What is the average angle of inclination for adults?
The angles can range from 116°-140°
-The average is 126°
What is Angle of Torsion?
The angle created by the intersecting line between the head/neck of the femur (Superior view) and the transverse axis of femoral condyles
What is the normative values for angles of torsion for men and women?
Men - 7°
Women - 12°
What are the contents of the Anterior Compartment of the thigh?
Neurovasculature :
–Femoral Triangle
–Saphenous nerve
–Lateral Femoral Cutaneous nerve
Musculature:
–iliopsoas
–Sartorius
–Pectineus
–All 4 quad muscles
What are the borders of the Femoral Triangle?
-Superiorly: Inguinal Ligament
-Inferiorly: Junction of the Sartorius and Adductor Longus
-Medially: Adductor Longus
-Laterally: Sartorius
-Floor: iliopsoas and Pectineus
What structors are found in the Femoral Triangle?
Think NAVAL:
N- Femoral Nerve (Most medial)
A- Femoral Artery (Middle)
V- Femoral Vein (Most lateral)
E- Empty Space
L- Lymph Nodes
What are the borders for the Femoral Artery?
Proximally: Inguinal Ligament
Distally: Adductor Hiatus
What is the pathway blood takes to get from Abdominal Aorta to Femoral Artery?
Abdominal Aorta -> Common iliac -> External iliac
-> Femoral Artery
What are the nerve roots for Lateral Femoral Cutaneous?
L2 and L3
Where does Lateral Femoral Cutaneous provide sensation?
Skin over lateral thigh
Femoral Nerve provides both motor and sensory function. T/F
True
What muscles does the Femoral Nerve innervate?
-The quadricep muscles (all four)
-iliacus
-pectineus
-sartorius
What are the two branches of the Femoral Nerve that provide sensation? Where do they provide sensation?
Anterior cutaneous branch- skin over anterior thigh
Saphenous brach- skin over medial knee, leg and ankle
What nerves innervate the Acetabulofemoral joint?
Femoral nerve (Anteriorly)
Nerve to Quadratus (Posteriorly)
Superior Gluteal Nerve (Superiorly)
Obturator nerve (Inferiorly)
What structures are found in the Medial Compartment of the Femoral Region?
(Arteries, Veins, Nerves, and Muscles)
Arteries and Veins: Obturator A./V. (superiorly), Profunda Femoris A./V.
Nerve: Obturator N.
Muscles: Adductor Longus/ Brevis/ Magnus, Gracilis, and Obturator Externus
Where does the Obturator Nerve provide sensory?
Medial Thigh
What muscles does the Obturator Nerve innervate?
Adductor group
Obturator Externus
Gracilis
(L2-L4)
What structures does the Obturator Artery supply in the thigh?
Main Supply is Obturator Internus and Externus
Acetabular Branch:
Head of the Femur
Muscles in the Adductor compartment
Where is the Adductor Canal found?
(between what structures)
Between the Sartorius, Adductor Longus and Vastus Medialis
What is found in the Adductor Canal?
-Femoral Artery
-Femoral Vein
-Femoral Nerve
-Saphenous Nerve
Where is the Adductor Hiatus found?
On the opening of Adductor Magnus
What is the purpose of the Adductor Hiatus?
Allows the Femoral Artery and Vein to pass from anterior to posterior
What is found in the Posterior Compartment of the Thigh? (Arteries, Vein, Nerves, Muscles)
Arteries and Veins: Profunda Femoral Artery/Vein
Nerve: Sciatic (Tibial and Common Fibular), Posterior Cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Muscles: The three hamstring muscles (Bicep femoris, Semiteninosus, Semimembranosus, and Adductor Magnus (Ischial part)
What does the Sciatic nerve (Tibial) innervate?
-Long Head of Bicep Femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
-Hamstring part of Adductor Magnus
What does the Sciatic nerve (Common Fibular) innervate?
Short head of Bicep Femoris
What artery supplies the head of the femur?
Acetabular branch of the Obturator Artery
What artery supplies the head and neck of the femur?
Medial Circumflex (Main supply)
What artery supplies the Trochanters?
Ascending and Transverse branch of Lateral Circumflex Artery
What artery supplies the lateral thigh and knee?
Descending branch of Lateral Circumflex Artery
