Gross 2 Lower Leg **Muscles, Nerves, Actions Flashcards
What are the attachments of the Tibialis Anterior?
Proximal: Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
(under extensor retinaculum)
Distal: Medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
What nerve innervates the Tibialis Anterior? and roots?
Deep Fibular Nerve (L4,L5 and S1)
What are the actions of Tibialis Anterior?
Dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot
What are the attachments of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Proximal: Lateral condyle of tibia and superior three quarters of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
(Under extensor retinaculum)
Distal: Middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
What nerve innervates Extensor Digitorum Longus? and roots?
Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, and S1)
What is the action of Extensor Digitorum Longus?
Extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle
What are the attachments of Extensor Hallucis longus?
Proximal: Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Distal: Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallux)
What nerve innervates Extensor Hallucis Longus? and root?
Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, S1)
What are the actions of Extensor Hallucis Longus?
Extends great toe (hallux) and dorsiflexes ankle
What are the attachments of Fibularis Tertius?
Proximal: Inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Distal: Dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
What nerve innervates Fibularis Tertius?
Deep Fibular Nerve (L4, L5, and S1)
What is the action of Fibularis Tertius?
Dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of foot
What are the attachments of Fibularis Longus?
Proximal: Head and Superior two-thirds of lateral surface of fibula
Distal: Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
What nerve innervates Fibularis Longus?
Superficial Fibular Nerve (L5, S1, S2)
What is the action of Fibularis Longus?
Everts foot and weakly planterflexes ankle
What are the attachments for Fibularis Brevis?
Proximal: Inferior two-thirds of lateral surface of fibula
Distal: Dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
What nerve innervates Fibularis Brevis?
Superficial Fibular Nerve
(L5, S1, S2)
What are the actions of Fibularis Brevis?
Everts foot and weakly platarflexes ankle
What are the attachments for Gastrocnemius? (Lateral Head)
Proximal: Lateral Aspect of lateral condyle of femur
Distal: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
What are the attachments for Gastrocnemius? (Medial Head)
Proximal: Popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle
Distal: (same as lateral head)
Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
What nerve innervates the Gastrocnemius?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions of Gastrocnemius?
Planterflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes leg at knee joint
What are the attachments for Soleus?
Proximal: Posterior aspect of head and superior quarter of posterior surface of fibula; Soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia; Tendinous arch extending between the boney attachments
Distal: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
What nerve innervates soleus?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions of Soleus?
Planterflexes ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot
What are the attachments for Plantaris?
Proximal: Inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur; oblique popliteal ligament
Distal: Posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
What nerve innervates Plantaris?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions for Plantaris?
Weakly assist gastrocnemius in planterflexing ankle
What are the attachments of Popliteus?
Proximal: Lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus
Distal: Posterior surface of tibia and superior to soleal line
What nerve innervates Popliteus?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions of Popliteus?
Weakly flexes knee and Unlocks it by rotating femur 5° on fixed tibia; medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb
What are the attachments for Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Proximal: Inferior two thirds of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of interosseous membrane
Distal: Base of distal phalanx of great toe (Hallux)
What nerve innervates Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions of Flexor Hallucis Longus?
Flexes great toe at all joint; weakly planterflexes ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot
What are the attachments of Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Proximal: Medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by a broad tendon to fibula
Distal: Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four digits
What nerve innervates Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What are the actions for Flexor Digitorum Longus?
Flexes lateral four digits; planterflexes ankle; supports longitudinal arches of foot
What are the attachments for Tibialis Posterior?
Proximal: Interosseous membrane; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula
Distal: Tuberosity of navicular(only one we need), cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum tali of calcaneus; bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals
What nerve innervates Tibialis Posterior?
Tibial Nerve (L4-S3)
What is the actions for Tibialis Posterior?
Planterflexes ankle; inverts foot
