Gross 2 Gluteal Region *Muscle, Nerve, and Actions (Moore’s Def.)

Question 1

What are the attachments of Gluteus Maximus?

Answer 1

Proximal: Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx ; sacrotuberous ligament

Distal: most fibers end in the iliotibial tract (IT Band), (which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia), some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity

Question 2

What nerve innervates the Gluteus Maximus?

Answer 2

Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Question 3

What are the actions of the Gluteus Maximus?

Answer 3

• Extends thigh
• Assist in lateral rotation (ER)
• Steadies thigh and assist in rising from sitting position

Question 4

What are the attachments of Gluteus Medius?

Answer 4

Proximal: External surfaces of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line

Distal: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 5

What nerve innervates the Gluteus Medius?

Answer 5

Superior gluteal nerve
(L4-S1)

Question 6

What are the actions of Gluteus Medius?

Answer 6

-Abduction
-Medial Rotation (IR)
-Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 7

What are the attachments for Gluteus Minimus?

Answer 7

Proximal: External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal line

Distal: Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Question 8

What is the nerve innervation for Gluteus Minimus?

Answer 8

Superior gluteal nerve
(L4-S1)

Question 9

What are the actions of Gluteus Minimus

Answer 9

(Same as Gluteus Medius)

-Abduction
-Medial Rotation (IR)
-Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 10

What are the attachments of Tensor Fasciae Latae?

Answer 10

Proximal: ASIS

Distal: IT band (which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia)

Question 11

What nerve innervates Tensor Fasciae Latae?

Answer 11

Superior Gluteal Nerve
(L4-S1)

Question 12

What are the actions of the Tensor Fasciae Latae?

Answer 12

(Same as Glute. Med. and Min.)

-Abduction
-Medial Rotation (IR)
-Keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 13

What are the attachments for the Piriformis?

Answer 13

Proximal: Anterior surface of sacrum; Sacrotuberous Ligament

Distal: Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

Question 14

What nerve innervates the Piriformis?

Answer 14

Nerve to Piriformis
(S1-S2)

Question 15

What are the actions of the Piriformis?

Answer 15

-Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
-Steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 16

What are the attachments for Obturator internus?

Answer 16

Proximal: Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

Distal: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Question 17

What nerve innervates the Obturator Internus?

Answer 17

Nerve to Obturator Intermus
(L4-S2)

Question 18

What are the actions of the Obturator Internus?

Answer 18

(Same as Piriformis)

-Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
-Steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 19

What are the attachments for Superior and Inferior Gemelli?

Answer 19

Proximal: (Superior) Ischial spine
(Inferior) ischial tuberosity

Distal: Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

Question 20

What nerve innervates the Superior and Inferior Gemelli?

Answer 20

Superior: Nerve to Obturator Intermus (L5-S2)

Inferior: Quadratus Femoris
(L4-S1)

Question 21

What are the actions of Superior and Inferior Gemelli?

Answer 21

(Same as Piriformis and Obturator Internus)

-Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh
-Steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 22

What are the attachments for Quadratus Femoris?

Answer 22

Proximal: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

Distal: Quadrate tubercle on inter-trochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

Question 23

What nerve innervates Quadratus Femoris?

Answer 23

Nerve to Quadratus Femoris
(L4-S1)

Question 24

What are the actions of Quadratus Femoris?

Answer 24

-Laterally rotates thigh
-Steadies femoral head in acetabulum