Gross 2 Lower Leg Flashcards
What is the weight bearing bone of the lower leg?
Tibia
What percentage of body weight does the fibula hold?
15-20%
How many joints is the Tibiofibular Joint?
2
-Proximal is a Synovial joint and surrounded by a joint capsule
(Supported by anterior and posterior ligaments)
-Distal is Fibrous, Syndesmosis joint has Fibroadipose tissue between bones.
(Associated with syndesmosis injury {High Ankle Sprain})
What are the ligaments for the Proximal Tibiofibular Joint? (2)
-Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament
-Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament
What are the ligaments for the Distal Tibiofibular Joint? (4)
-Interosseus Membrane
-Interosseus (Crural) Tibiofibular Ligament
-Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament
-Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament
What is in the Anterior Compartment of the Lower Leg?
(All run DEEP to the Retinacula)
Artery & Vein: Anterior Tibial
Nerve: Deep Fibular (L4-S1)
Retinaculum: Superior/Inferior Extensor Retinaculum
Muscles: Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius
Describe the pathway for the Anterior Tibial Artery?
Begins at the inferior border of the Popliteus.
-Enters the anterior compartment through the opening in the upper part of the interosseous membrane and joins the Deep Fibular Nerve
-Descends between the Tibialis Anterior and Extensor Digitorum Longus
-Ends midway between the Malleoli where it becomes Dorsalis Pedis
When does the Common Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve become the Deep or Superficial Fibular?
Once the Common Fibular goes through the Fibularis Longus it divides into Superficial and Deep Fibular.
How can a Deep Fibular Nerve Injury occur?
Could be damaged as a part of the Common Fibular Nerve because it is extremely vulnerable as it winds around the neck of the fibula
(Damage to either the Deep Fibular or Common Fibular Nerve can cause Foot Drop)
A lesion to the Deep Fibular Nerve would result in sensory changes at____?
Between the webbing of the first and second digit of the foot
What is in the Lateral Compartment if the lower leg?
Perforating Branches: Anterior Tibial and Fibular
Vein: Anterior and Fibular V.
Nerve: Superficial Fibular (L5-S2)
Muscles: Peroneus (Fibular) Longus and Peroneus (Fibular) Brevis
Retinaculum: Superior/Inferior Peroneal (Fibular) Retinaculum
Your patient has a lesion of the Superficial Fibular Nerve. What area would you expect to find sensory deficits?
Anterolateral Aspect of the leg along with medial half of great toe, lateral half of 2nd digit, 3rd digit and medial half of 5th digit
What motion would you resist to test innervation of the superficial fibular nerve?
Eversion and Platarflexion
What is found in the Posterior Compartment?
Arteries and Veins: Posterior Tibial & Peroneal (Fibular)
Nerve: Tibial
Muscles: (6)
(superficial)
Gastronemius
Soleus
Plantaris
(Deep)
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Tibialis Posterior
Others:
Flexor Retinaculum
What are the nerve roots for Tibial Nerve?
L4-S3
