GI 3: Digestion & Absorption of Lipids Flashcards
what makes the digestion / absorption of lipids a complex process?
lipids are not water-soluble
what is the main source of dietary lipids?
triglycerides
what are triglycerides made of?
glycerol and 3 fatty acids
what enzymes in the mouth, stomach and pancreas can be used to digest lipids>
lipase and collapse
collapse acts as an ___
anchor
____ are essential for emulsification and micelle formation
bile salts
what is emulsification?
division of large lipid droplets into small droplets by bile salts to improve lipid digestion
which has a great effect of lipid digestion, lingual and stomach lipase or panreatic lipase?
pancreatic
what is the lipid process before digestion?
emulsification
what is the lipid process after digestion?
micelle formation
bile salts are amphipathic, which means
the have both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part
after emulsification, triglycerides are available to ___ and __ and are digested into ___ and ___
lipase and collapse,; monoglycerides and fatty acids
a small amount of monoglycerides enter enterocytes by ___ by a -___ (slow/fast)
diffusion; slow
what is a micelle and its role?
very small droplets that hold MG and FA close to enterocytes until they are ready for absorption
as the concentration of FA/ MG decreases , some micelle compounds will ___
leave and enter by diffusion
absorbed fats combine with cholesterol and proteins in the enterocytes to form ____
chylomicrons
chylomicrons are removed by the ___ system
lymphatic
once in the enterocyte, FA and MG reform to make ___
triglycerides
chylomicrons diffuse into the ___ of the lymphatic system
lacteal
how do chylomicrons cross the basolateral membrane?
by exocytosis
in the fed state, absorption of chylomicrons can be easily seen in intestinal lacteals that look ___
milky
bile salts remain in the ___, ___% are re-absorbed in the ileum and transported back to the ___ for recycling
lumen, 95, liver
a decrease in bile cycling would result in ____ cholesterol ratio in the bile, resulting in ___
increased; galstones