Genitourinary System Medical Word Elements Flashcards
glomerul/o
glomerulus
cyst/o
vesic/o
bladder
cystoscope: instrument for examining the bladder
vesicocele: hernia of the bladder; also called cystocele
lith/o
stone, calculus
lithotripsy: crushing of a stone
The most common method of lithotripsy is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). When stones are large or ESWL is not recommended, percutaneous nephrolithotomy or ureteroscopic removal are alternate methods or treatment
meat/o
opening; meatus
a meatotomy is performed to relieve stenosis of the urethra, which may inhibit the proper passage or urine or semen
nephr/o
ren/o
kidney
nephropexy: fixation of the kidney
pyel/o
renal pelvis
pyeloplasty: surgical repair of the renal pelvis
ur/o
urine, urinary tract
ureter/o
ureter
ureterectasis: dialation of the ureter
andr/o
male
balan/o
glans penis
epididym/o
epididymis
orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o
testis
orchitis
orchialgia
orchidoptosis
testectomy
perine/o
perineum (area between the scrotum and anus)
prostat/o
prostate gland
prostatomegaly: enlargement of the prostate gland
spermat/o
spermatozoa, sperm cells
spermatocele: swelling containing spermatozoa
a spermatocele is usually an epididymal cyst containing sperm
varic/o
dilated vein
varicocele: swelling of a dilated vein
varicocele is a dilation of the veins of the spermatic cord, the structure that supports the testicles.
vas/o
vessel; vas deferens; duct
vasectomy: removal of all or part of the vas deferens.
Bilateral vasectomy is a surgical procedure to produce sterility in the male
vesicul/o
seminal vesicle
albumin/o
albumin; protein
azot/o
nitrogenous compounds
azotemia: nitrogenous compounds in the blood
bacteri/o
bacteria
bacteriuria: bacteria in urine
crypt/o
hidden
cryptorchidism: condition of hidden testes; also called cryptochism. it is a failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum; usually congenital
gonad/o
gonad; sex glands
kal/i
potassium
hypokalemia: abnormally low concentration of potassium in the blood. May result from excessive urination, which depletes potassium from the body
keton/o
ketone bodies (acids and acetones)
ketonuria: presence of ketone bodies in urine. commonly found in diabetes mellitus, starvation, and excessive dieting
noct/o
night
nocturia: excessive and frequent urination after going to bed. associated with prostate disease, urinary tract infection, and uncontrolled diabetes
olig/o
scanty
oligospermia: scanty (decreased production of) sperm
py/o
pus
pyorrhea: flow or discharge of pus
-cide
killing
spermicide: agents that kill sperm; also called spermaticide
-iasis
abnormal condition (produced by something specified)
lithiasis: abnormal conditions of stones or calculi
-ism
condition
anorchism: condition without testes; congenital or acquired absence of one or both testes
-spadias
slit, fissure
hypospadias: a fissure under the penis. a congenital condition in which the urethra opens on the underside of the glans penis instead of the tip
-uria
urine
polyuria: much (excretion of) urine; generally considered to be the excretion of over 2.5 liters per 24 hours
dia-
through; across
dialysis: separation across
renal dialysis is a procedure that uses a membrane to separate and selectively remove waste products from blood when kidneys are unable to complete this function
retro-
backward, behind
retroperitoneal: pertaining to the area behind the peritoneum
