Blood,Lymph, and Immune pharmacology

Question 0

antifibrinolytics

Answer 0

neutralize fibrinolytic chemicals in the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and urinary tract to prevent the breakdown of blood clots.
Antifibrinolytics are commonly used to treat serious bleeding following certain surgeries and dental procedures especially in patients with medical problems such as hemophilia.
aminocaproic acid: Amicar

Question 1

anticoagulants

Answer 1

Prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis or inactivating one or more clotting factors.
These drugs prevent deep vein thrombosis and postoperative clot formation and decrease the risk of stroke

heparin: heparin sodium
warfarin: coumadin

Question 2

Antimicrobials

Answer 2

destroy bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, depending on the particular drug, generally by interfering with the functions of their cell membrane or their reproductive cycle.
HIV patients are commonly treated prophylactically with antimicrobials to prevent development of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)

trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole: Bactrim, Septra
pentamidine: NebuPent, Pentam-300

Question 3

antivirals

Answer 3

Prevent replication of viruses within host cells.
Antivirals are used in treatment of HIV infection and AIDS.
nelfinavir: Viracept
lamivudine/zidovudine: Combrivir

Question 4

fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 4

prevent and treat bleeding disorders resulting from a lack of prothrombin, which is commonly caused by vitamin K deficiency
phytonadione: Vitamin K I Mephyton

Question 5

thrombolytics

Answer 5

Dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands
Thrombolytics are used to break apart, or lyse, thrombi, especially those that obstruct coronary, pulmonary, and cerebral arteries.
alteplase: Activase, t-PA
streptokinase: Streptase