Blood, Lymph, Immune systems Diagnostic and Related Terms

Question 0

ascites

Answer 0

accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal or pleural cavity

Question 1

anisocytosis

Answer 1

Condition of marked variation in the size of erythrocytes when observed on a blood smear (macrocytes, miocrocytes, normocytes)

Question 2

bacteremia

Answer 2

Presence of viable bacteria circulating in the bloodstream usually transient in nature

Question 3

graft rejection

Answer 3

destruction of a transplanted organ or tissue by the recipient’s immune system

Question 4

graft-versus-host disease

Answer 4

condition that occurs following bone marrow transplant in which the immune cells in the transplanted marrow produce antibodies against the host’s tissues (can be acute or chronic-may also occur with a blood transfusion)

Question 5

hematoma

Answer 5

localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vesse

Question 6

hemoglobinopathy

Answer 6

any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule (sickle cell anemia very common)

Question 7

hemolysis

Answer 7

destruction of RBCs with a release of hemoglobin that diffuses into the surrounding fluid.

Question 8

hemostasis

Answer 8

arrest of bleeding or circulation

Question 9

immunity

Answer 9

state of being protected against infectious disease

active: immunity produced by the person’s own immune system. can be natural (result of recovering from a disease) or artificial (resulting from vaccination)
passive: Immunity in which antibodies or other immune substances formed in one individual are transferred to another individual to provide immediate temporary immunity (natural and artificial)

Question 10

lymphadenopathy

Answer 10

any disease of the lymph nodes

In localized lymphadenopathy, only one area of the body is affected. IN systemic lymphadenopathy, two or more noncontiguous areas of the body are affected

Question 11

lymphosarcoma

Answer 11

malignant neoplastic disorder of the lymphatic tissue (not related to Hodgkin disease)

Question 12

septicemia

Answer 12

serious life threatening blood stream infection that may arise from other infections throughout the body, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, or infections of the bone or GI tract; also called blood infection or blood poisoning.
characterized by chills, fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, confusion, hypotension, ecchymoses. If left untreated, it may lead to shock and death

Question 13

serology

Answer 13

lab test to detect the presence of antibodies, antigens, or immune substances.

Question 14

titer

Answer 14

blood test that measures the amount of antibodies in blood; commonly used as an indicator of immune status