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microbiology > final match > Flashcards

final match Flashcards

1
Q

ehrlich

A

developed synthetic drug

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2
Q

flemming

A

discoverd penicillium

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3
Q

hooke

A

observed cork and came up with the idea of cells

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4
Q

jenner

A

performed the first vaccination for smallpox

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5
Q

koch

A

developed criteria to determine if a specific microbe causes a disease

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6
Q

lister

A

used chemical disinfectant for surgical wounds

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7
Q

pasteur

A

heated wine to prolong shelf life

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8
Q

virchow

A

cells come from other cells

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9
Q

von leeuwenhoek

A

first person to observe bacteria using a microscope

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10
Q

capsule

A

organized glycocalyx

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11
Q

cell wall

A

provides cell support and prevents osmotic lysis

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12
Q

cytoplasm

A

semi-fluid interior of cell

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13
Q

fimbria

A

used for attachment, short hair like

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14
Q

flagella

A

used for movement, long hair like

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15
Q

nucleoid

A

localized area containing genetic material

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16
Q

nucleus

A

membrane container for genetic material

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17
Q

pilus

A

allows exchange of genetic material

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18
Q

porins

A

protein that facilitates the movement of molecules through a membrane

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19
Q

ribosome

A

plays a role in building proteins

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20
Q

bacillo-

A

a little stick

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21
Q

chloro-

A

green

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22
Q

amphi-

A

around

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23
Q

a-, an-

A

absence, lack

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24
Q

cocci-

A

a berry

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25
Q

exonuclease

A

cuts DNA

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26
Q

helicase

A

opens DNA double heli for replication

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27
Q

ligase

A

joins okazoki fragments

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28
Q

primase

A

adds primers to DNA strand

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29
Q

DNA polymerase

A

creates DNA polymer

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30
Q

biotechnology

A

using life for technology

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31
Q

anticodon

A

code in tRNA

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32
Q

asepsis

A

absence of contamination

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33
Q

colony

A

population of cells arising from one cell

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34
Q

codon

A

cod in mRNA that represents a single amino acid

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35
Q

faculative

36
Q

carcinogens

A

cancer causing chemicals

37
Q

gel electrophoresis

A

seperates DNA pieces by size

38
Q

obligate

39
Q

promoter

A

sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds

40
Q

binary fission

A

prokayotic asexual reproduction

41
Q

halophile

A

organism that likes high salt

42
Q

frameshift mutation

A

addition or removal of one or more bases

43
Q

point mutation

A

change in a single base in a codon

44
Q

conidospores

A

asexual spore

45
Q

cutaneous

46
Q

definitive host

A

sexual repro occurs in host

47
Q

intermediate host

A

host harbors parasite for short transition period

48
Q

cyst

A

inactive stage of protozoans

49
Q

opportunistic

A

normal macrobiota causing disease

50
Q

subcutaneous

A

beneath skin

51
Q

systemic

A

deep within body

52
Q

obligate intracellular parasite

A

parasite only lives inside host cell

53
Q

zygospore

A

sexual spore

54
Q

acute

A

short-lasting primary infection

55
Q

antigen

A

substance that causes the production of antibodies

56
Q

artificially acquired active

A

immunity developed from live polio virus vaccine

57
Q

artifically acquired passive

A

immunity developed from the injection of antibodies

58
Q

biological transmission

A

pathogen reproduces or develops in vector

59
Q

chronic

A

disease that develops slowly and lasts for months

60
Q

cytokines

A

chemical messengers

61
Q

epidemiology

A

study of where and when diseases occur

62
Q

fomite

A

inanimate object that can serve as a vector

63
Q

major histcompatability complex

64
Q

mechanical transmission

A

vector transmits pathogen only, no replication or development occurs in vector

65
Q

microbial antagonism

A

benefit of crowded beach

66
Q

naturally acquired active

A

immunity developed from contracting measles

67
Q

naturally acquired passive

A

immunity developed from mother to child

68
Q

NK cells

A

cells that attack tumors

69
Q

nosocomial

A

hospital acquired

70
Q

phagocyte

A

cells that ingest foreign bodies

71
Q

siderophores

72
Q

virulence

A

degree of pathogenicity of a microbe

73
Q

antibody

A

protein that recognizes a unique part of a foreign target

74
Q

antigen

A

substance which provokes an adaptive immune response

75
Q

bacteriocidal

A

kills bacteria directly

76
Q

bacteriostatic

A

stops bacterial cell growth

77
Q

flat sour spoilage

A

spoliage of canned foods due to inadequate processing, no gas

78
Q

HLA

A

human leukocyte complex

79
Q

hypersensitivity

A

altered immune response

80
Q

IgE

A

antibody responsible for anaphylactic (type 1 ) reactions

81
Q

IgG &or IgM

A

antibody responsible for ctotoxic reactions- type 2

82
Q

MHC

A

major histocompatibility complex

83
Q

T cells

A

resposible for cell mediated reactions- type 4

84
Q

thermophillic anaerobic spoilage

A

spoilage of canned foods stored at high temperatures, has gas

85
Q

BOD

A

biochemical oxygen demand

86
Q

privileged site

A

body location with low rejection rates for transplants

microbiology (40 decks)

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