ch 1

Question 1

microorganisms

Answer 1

organisms to small to be seen with the naked eye

Question 2

germ

Answer 2

rapidly growing cell

Question 3

ways microbes affect our lives

Answer 3

decompose waste, photosynthesize, industrial chemicals, ferment foods, manufactoring products

Question 4

why are latin binomials important

Answer 4

tells how things are related and used world wide

Question 5

how do you write a latin name

Answer 5

genus capitalizes and specific epithet lowercase, italicized or underlined

Question 6

major characteristics- bacteria

Answer 6

prokaryotes, peptidoglycan cell walls, binary fission

Question 7

major char- archea

Answer 7

prokaryotic, lack peptidoglycan, live in extreme environments, thermophiles

Question 8

major char- fungi

Answer 8

eukaryotes, chitin cell walls, use organic chem for energ, yeasts are unicellular, composed of fillaments called hyphae

Question 9

major char- algae

Answer 9

eukaryotes, cellolose cell walls, photosynthesis

Question 10

major char- viruses

Answer 10

acellular, DNA and RNA core w a protein coat, can only replicate in a host cell

Question 11

major char- multicellular animal parasites

Answer 11

eukaryotes, flatworms and roundworms (helmiths)

Question 12

toxonomy- did king philip come only for good sex

Answer 12

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

Question 13

3 domains

Answer 13

bacteria, archaea,eukarya

Question 14

4 eukaryotic kingdoms

Answer 14

protists, fungi, plants, animals

Question 15

Hooke

Answer 15

reported that living things were composed of little boxes-cells

Question 16

VanLeeuwenhoek

Answer 16

father of microbiology, developed first microscope

Question 17

Virchow

Answer 17

cells arise from preexisting cells

Question 18

Pasteur

Answer 18

microbes responsible for fermentation, spoilage bacteria-using heat to kill microbes

Question 19

Lister

Answer 19

used chemical disinfectant to prevent surgical wound infections

Question 20

Koch

Answer 20

proved bacteria caused anthrax and provided experimental steps

Question 21

Jenner

Answer 21

innoculated against smallpox

Question 22

Ehrlich

Answer 22

“magic bullet” that could destroy a pathogen w/o harming the host

Question 23

Semmelweis

Answer 23

handwashing

Question 24

Fleming

Answer 24

antibiotic penicillin

Question 25

Identify the importance of Koch’s postulates

Answer 25

proves a specific microbe causes a specific disease

1. microorganisms must be found in all affected org but not health org
2. isolate and grow in pure culture
3. cause dx when given to healthy
4. be reisolated from inoculated host

Question 26

spontaneous generation

Answer 26

living org arise from non-living matter-“vital force”

Question 27

biogenesis

Answer 27

living organisms arise from preexiting life

Question 28

microbiota good or bad

Answer 28

good-recycle nutrients, bad-pathogens

Question 29

4 beneficial act of micro

Answer 29

detoxify pollutants, insecticides, biofilms, biotechnology foods

Question 30

emerging infectious disease

Answer 30

new diseases and diseases increasing in incidence- MRSA, west nile, CJD, HIV