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microbiology > ch 12 > Flashcards

ch 12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What defines a fungi?

A

chemoheterotrophs
multicellular (except yeasts)
absorptive

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2
Q

4 phyla of fungi

A

zygomycota
ascomycota
deuteromycota
basidiomycota

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3
Q

zygomycota

A

water molds
environmental rotters
Examples-Rhizopus and Mucor

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4
Q

Ascomycota

A

largest group
sac fungi
make chemicals and antibiotics
Examples- Trichophyton, microsporum

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5
Q

Deuteromycota

A

no natural sex stage, produce asexual spores only (holding group)

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6
Q

basidiomycota

A

true mushrooms, club fungi, rust, and smut

example- cryptococcus neoformans

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7
Q

fission yeasts

A

divide symmetrically

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8
Q

budding

A

divide asymmetrically

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9
Q

What is a lichen

A

mutualistic combination of an algae and fungus

used in dyes, antimicrobial, and litmus

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10
Q

What nutrients do lichen need?

A

Lichen accumulate needed nutrients- first to come back after natural disaster
carbohydrates

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11
Q

3 types of lichen

A
  1. fruticose
  2. foliose
  3. crustose
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12
Q

What roles do fungi and algae play in lichens?

A

alga produces and secretes carbohydrates

fungus provides holdfast

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13
Q

What defines an algae?

A

kingdom protist
photoautotroph
use diffusion
have pigments

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14
Q

6 phyla of algae

A
  1. Phaeophyta
  2. Rhodophyta
  3. Chlorophyta
  4. Diatoms
  5. Dinoflagellates
  6. Oomycota
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15
Q

Phaeophyta

A

brown algae (macrocystis)-kelp
cellulose and algenic acid cell walls
harvested for algin (thickening agent)

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16
Q

Rhodophyta

A

red algae (microcladia)
cellulose cell walls
harvested for agar and carrageenan (thickener)

17
Q

chlorophyta

A

green algae (Ulva)
cellulose cell walls
gave rise to plants

18
Q

Diatoms

A

pectin and silica cell walls
store oil
fossilized diatims formed oil
used in paint, toothpaste, and insecticides

19
Q

dinoflagellates

A

cellulose in plasma membrane
store starch
shellfish poisoning-> red tide

20
Q

oomycota

A

water molds
cellulose cell wall
decomposers and plant parasites
Phytophthora infestans-> Irish potato blight

21
Q

What defines a protozoa

A

unicellular
ingestive
motile
some form cysts

22
Q

protozoa vegetative form

A

trophozoite

23
Q

6 phyla of protozoa

A
  1. Archaezoa
  2. Microspora
  3. Amoeboza
  4. Apiomplexa
  5. Ciliates
  6. Euglenozoa
24
Q

Archaezoa

A

no mitochondria
multiple flagella
STD-> trichomonas vaginalis (no cyst stage)
Giardia lamblia-> Beaver fever (chronic because of cysts)

25
Q

Microspora

A

no mitochondria
non-motile
intracellular parasites
Nosema-> honey bee disease

26
Q

Amoebozoa

A

move by pseudopods

Acanthamoeba-> amoebic dysentery

27
Q

Apicomplexa

A

non-motile
parasite
complex life cycles
Plasmodium-> malaria

28
Q

Ciliates

A

move by cilia
complex cells
Balantidium coli-> only human parasite (from pigs in Philippines)

29
Q

Euglenozoa

A

move by flagella
photoautotrophs (have chloroplasts)
Trypanosoma->sleeping sickness
Chagas disease- hemoflagellets

30
Q

What defines a slime mold?

A

asexual reproduction
cellular slime mold-starts as an amoeba and aggregates
plasmodial slime mold- multinucleate plasmodium that creates roots

31
Q

Trematodes

A

parasitic platyhelminth
sexual repro in definitive host and asexual repro in intermediate
flukes

32
Q

cestodes

A

parasitic platyhelminth
tapeworms
each segment can become a new worm

33
Q

helminths

A

reduced digestive and nervous sytem
reduced locomotion
complex reproduction
parasitic worms

34
Q

Platyhelminths

A

flat worms

35
Q

nematoda

A

roundworms

36
Q

definitive host- humans

A

where sexual reproduction occurs

lung fluke

37
Q

intermediate host- humans

A

where asexual repro occurs

tapeworm

microbiology (40 decks)

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