Ch 17 Flashcards
hormonal immunity
B cells mature in bone marrow due to antibodies
cellular immunity
from T cells that mature in the thymus
IgG antibody
monomer
enhance phagocytosis and neutralize toxins
protects fetus and newborns
80% of serum antibodies
IgM antibody
pentamer
first antibody produces in response to infection
IgA antibody
dimer
secretions and mucosal protection
IgD antibody
monomer
initiate immune response on B cells
IgE antibody
smallest percentage of antibodies
monomer
lysis of parasitic worms
antibody titer
amount of antibody in serum
primary response
occurs after initial contact with antigen
secondary, memory, or anamnestic response
occurs after second exposure
T cells
function in cell mediated immunity
mature in thymus
respond to antigen by T cell receptors and require antigen presenting cells (APC)
Tc
checks name tags- MHC1
Th
produce cytokines and differentiate into Th1, Th2,Th17, and memory cells
B cells
differentiate into plasma and memory cells
Th1 cells
activates cell related immunity- macrophages, Tc cells, and NK cells
produces IFN-y
Th2 cells
stimulates production of eosinophils, IgM, and IgE
goes after parasites
Tc cells
cytotoxic T cells that destroy cells on contact with the wrong nametag
CTL
cytotoxic T lymphocyte
destroys target cells on contact
generated from Tc cells
Natural Killer (NK) cells
attacks and destroys target cells
kills virus, tumors, and parasites
antigen presenting cells (APC)
digest antigen and puts fragments on surface with MHC2
MHC1- major histocompatibility complex
“nametag” expressed on mammalian cells
MHC2
“trophy rack” or “wanted poster” presented to T helper cells
antigen
a substance that causes the body to produce specific antibodies or sensitized T cells
antibodies
interact with epitopes or antigenic determinants
aggluntination
group cells together
opsonization
mark bad guy for phagocytosis
Peyer’s patches
contain antigen presenting cells
interleukins
type of cytokine that stimulates cell production
naturally acquired active immunity
results from infection
naturally acquired passive immunity
transplacental or via colostrum
artificially acquired active immunity
injection of antigen (vaccination)
artificially acquired passive immunity
injection of antibody
colonial selection
when a B cell replicates in responce to a specific bacteria to create an immune response
apoptosis
advantages of program cell death include embryonic development, population control of normal cells, elimination of damaged/diseased cells
disadvantages- either too little or too much can cause deformities, disease, cancer, and autoimmune disorders
