Ch 5

Question 1

3 components of an enzyme

Answer 1

apooenzyme-protein portion
cofactor- nonprotein component
haloenzyme- apoenzyme + cofactor

Question 2

describe the mechanism of enzymatic action

Answer 2

1. substrate binds to active site
2. breaks apart substrate
3. resets

Question 3

list the factors that influence enzymatic act (4)

Answer 3

temp, pH, substrate concentrates, and inhibitors

Question 4

competitive inhibition

Answer 4

inhibitor binds to substrate site blocking substrate from binding- competes with substrate for site

Question 5

noncompetitive inhibition

Answer 5

enzyme binds to allosteric site which changes substrate binding site

Question 6

oxidation-reduction

Answer 6

oxidation-removal of electrons
reduction-gain of electrons
“redox reaction”

Question 7

3 types of phosphorylation reations that generate ATP

Answer 7

substrate-level phosphoylation
oxidative phospho
photophosphoylation

Question 8

substrate-level phosphoylation

Answer 8

energy directly adds a phosphate taken from another molecule- krebs cycle

Question 9

oxidative phosphoylation

Answer 9

electron transport chain- energy release from the transfer of electrons

Question 10

photophosphylation

Answer 10

photosynthesis- light provides the energy

Question 11

metabolic pathways

Answer 11

a series of events to create ATP- glycolosis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain

Question 12

glycolysis

Answer 12

produces ATP and reduces NAD+ to NADH while oxidizing glucose to pyruvic acid

Question 13

pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 13

uses pentoses (5 carbon sugars) and NADPH, operates with glycolysis, used in the production of nucleic acids

Question 14

important coenzymes (4)

Answer 14

NAD, NADP, FAD, coenzyme A

Question 15

Entner-Doudoroff pathway

Answer 15

produces NADPH and ATP, does not involove glycolysis, used when O2 is low, common in soil borne microbes

Question 16

lipid catabolism

Answer 16

glycerol to glycolysis and fatty acid to krebs cycle

Question 17

protein catabolism

Answer 17

amino acids into any process

Question 18

cyclic photophosphorylation

Answer 18

produces energy from light

Question 19

noncyclic photophosphorylation

Answer 19

starts with H2O and provides electrons for ETC

Question 20

light dependent photosynthesis

Answer 20

uses light for energy

Question 21

light-independent phototsynthesis

Answer 21

Calvin-benson cycle for ATP

Question 22

amphibolic pathways

Answer 22

metabolic pathways that have both catabolic and anabolic functions