Final Exam Class 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

local, regional, and global abiotic factors result in different….that influence…

A

environmental conditions…species distribution

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2
Q

geology also influences

A

environmental conditions

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3
Q

what are different regions in the US drier than others?

A

mountains.

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4
Q

how do mountains influence weather patterns

A

they produce extremes in precipitation on either side
- very rainy on one
-very dry on the other
(air rises over mountains and cools, rain then falls)
(loses moisture once it descends the mountain, making then air very dry on the other side of the mountain

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5
Q

rain shadow example:

A

New Zealand

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6
Q

why are there no deserts east of the Appalachian mountains?

A

go look it up it will be an extra credit question

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7
Q

what is weather

A

short term patterns in temperature, precipitation, over hours, days, and weeks

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8
Q

what are seasons

A

regular annual fluctuations in temperature, precipitation nor both

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9
Q

what is climate?

A

long term patterns of temperature and precipitation based on averages and variation measured over decades

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10
Q

climate influenced by:

A

regional and global factors like temp, precipitation, ocean currents

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11
Q

regions near the equator receive more

A

direct sunlight,, therefore these regions are warmer over longer periods of the year

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12
Q

go look at the hadley cell diagrams

A

in the powerpoint

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13
Q

what are hadley cells?

A

two air circulation cells between the equator and 30 N nd 30S latitudes
they are responsible for precipitation patterns, and prevailing wind direction
the cells influence neighboring wind currents

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14
Q

what are the two major efect of ind cycling patterns

A
  1. rainy near equator
  2. desets near 30 degrees
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15
Q

hadley cells combined with… influence…

A

geology… ocean currents

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16
Q

seasons

A

go look at diagram on powerpoint

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17
Q

what causes seasons?

A

the tilt of the earth

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18
Q

what are ecosystems that are characterized by dominant vegetation and distinct abiotic factors

A

biomes

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19
Q

tropical rainforests?

A

equatorial regions
high productivity
no seasonal variation in temp
lost of variation in precipitation
high temp
high precipitation

20
Q

subtropical deserts

A

foound at 30 degrees Lat. north and south
low productivity
moderate temp variation
low precipitation
low variation in precipitation
moderate variation in temp

21
Q

temperate grasslands

A

above 30 Lat north or south
moderate precip and temp variation
can only support grasses
low precip
moderate temp

22
Q

temperate forests

A

are found above 40 degrees lat north o south
moderate temp
low precip variation
moderate variation in temp
moderate precip

23
Q

boreal forests

A

found above 50 at nrth or south
dominated by cold tolderant evergreen trees
low evaporation supports trre grouth
low temps with high variation
low precip with lo variation

24
Q

arctic tundra

A

above 60 degrees latitudeo No or S
temperature and precip ae low
high variation in temp
low variation in precip

25
Q

polar regions

A

above 90 lat N or S
temp and precip are very low
massive glaciers
organisms with marine connections
organism that are extremophiles

26
Q

anthropogenic biomes

A

biomes that have been highly modified by humans

27
Q

what percentage of biomes show evidence of human alteration

A

75%

28
Q

ways that humans can impact biomes and make them anthropogenic

A

farming, logging, urbanization

29
Q

what percent of the earth is home to marine or freshwater aquativ biomes?

A

70%

30
Q

what are rhe abiotic factors in aquatic biomes?

A

salinity, water depth, water flow, and nutrient availability.

31
Q

what is salinity

A

they number of solutes in the water
freshwater- few
oceans- high

32
Q

what percentage of the water on earth is oceans>

A

97%

33
Q

marine oceans are divided into

A

zones

34
Q

what is rhe order of the marine zones?

A

intertidal
neritic
oceanic
photic
aphotic
(more descriptions on powerpont)

35
Q

what are the land mass zones in the oceans?

A

continental shelf
benthic (b=bottom)

36
Q

what are some freshwater bodies of water>

A

freshwater lakes and ponds

37
Q

lakes and ponds have 5 zones

A

littoral zone
limnetic zone
photic zone
aphotic zone

+benthic zone

38
Q

species are effected by what factors in aquatic biomes?

A

zone, water depth, and nutrients

39
Q

in lakes changes in seasonal temperatre cause

A

nutrient poor water to sin and nutrient rich water to rise (nutrient turnover)

40
Q

how often does nutrient turnover occur?

A

every spring and fall

41
Q

freshwater wetlands

A

shallow biomes

42
Q

swamps and marshes

A

low depth
little water flow
recieve water from rivers and streams
some drainage

43
Q

bogs

A

recieve water from the precipitation in the area

44
Q

streams and rivers

A

shallow flowing water bodies that flow downstream
can vary drastically in temp nurtiends etc.
rivers connect the entire united sates,, no one biome is totally isolated

45
Q

estuaries

A

where rivers flow to the ocean
- gradients of salinity and water depth varies greatly
high nutrient availabiliy