Exam 2 (part 2)

Question 1

what is bioremediation?

Answer 1

using bacteria and archaea to clean up sites polluted with organic solvents through oil eating microbes

Question 2

how do we study pros?

Answer 2

enrichment cultures
metagenomics

Question 3

what is an enrichment culture?

Answer 3

when cells are grown and studies in lab conditions (only applies to some pros)

Question 4

what are metagenomics?

Answer 4

where dna is collected and sequenced from the environment
- leads to the creation of a phylogeny
- determines if the species is new or already known

Question 5

why are prokaryotes able to inhabit so many different habitats?

Answer 5

• morphological and metabolic diversification

Question 6

how do prokaryotes convert compounds into energy>

Answer 6

through their metabolism

Question 7

prokaryotes differ metabolically in how they:

Answer 7

look on slides

Question 8

what are phototrophs?

Answer 8

use light to produce ATP

Question 9

What are chemoorganotrophs?

Answer 9

oxidize organic molecules wit high potential energy to produce ATP

Question 10

what are chemolithotrophs

Answer 10

oxidize inorganic molecules with high potential energy to produce ATP

Question 11

what are ways that bacteria and archaea obtain building block components?

Answer 11

1. autotrophs and
2. heterotrophs

Question 12

what are autotrophs?

Answer 12

things that synthesice their own compounds with simple starting material

Question 13

what are heterotrophs

Answer 13

use organic material produced by other organisms

Question 14

where sis photosynthesis originate?

Answer 14

bacteria and archaea

Question 15

what is cellular respiration? oxidizes a high energy molecule and reduces a low energy molecule

Answer 15

oxidizes a high energy molecule and reduces a low energy molecule

Question 16

electron transport chain

Answer 16

look at the graphics on the powerpoint

Question 17

what happens when a molecule loses an electrok

Answer 17

oxidized

Question 18

what happens when a molecule gains an electroln

Answer 18

it is reduced

Question 19

what is the result of the electron transport chain?

Answer 19

generation of ATP

Question 20

some autotrophs can obtain energy via photosynthesis in which…

Answer 20

light is used to activate pigments which energizes electrons and then produces oxygen

Question 21

what are cynobacteria

Answer 21

thought to be the first organisms to be able to perform photosynthesis (before only anaerobic respiration was possible)

Question 22

go look at the slide about cynobacteria

Answer 22

please

Question 23

details abotu actinobacteria

Answer 23

• rods and filaments
• cause TB and leprosy

Question 24

details about spirochetes

Answer 24

-corkscrew shape,
- responsible for syphilis and lyme disease
- burrow into the host tissue

Question 25

details on Chlamydiea

Answer 25

parasite
-spherical
-cause chlamydia

Question 26

proteobacteria

Answer 26

common in aquatic environments

Question 27

why are molecules with C-C bonds sought out by organisms?

Answer 27

they release lots of energy used in the synthesis of important compounds

Question 28

if an electron donor donates an electron then it becomes

Answer 28

oxidized