Bio Exam 3 Class 5 (Fungi)

Question 1

fungi are mostly

Answer 1

multicellular

Question 2

fungi absorb nutrients by being

Answer 2

• parasite
• saprophytes
  -symbionts

Question 3

fungi are key for recycling

Answer 3

nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorous

Question 4

fungi are the worlds most important

Answer 4

decomposeres

Question 5

fungi are the only species in the world that can digest

Answer 5

wood

Question 6

if we didn’t have fungi then the earth would be

Answer 6

piled high with wood

Question 7

what are some examples of parasitic fungi?

Answer 7

athletes foot, yeast infections

Question 8

sapropytes are

Answer 8

decomposers

Question 9

parasites are

Answer 9

pathogens

Question 10

sybionts are

Answer 10

mutualists

Question 11

what are the two forms of fungi

Answer 11

yeast (single celeld)
mycelia (multicell)

Question 12

mycelia are similar to what in plants?

Answer 12

roots

Question 13

what do mycelia do?

Answer 13

penetrate soils and cells

Question 14

what are mycelia composed of?

Answer 14

hyphae

Question 15

what are hyphae?

Answer 15

long thin filaments that cover extensie areas

Question 16

the mycelia is what portion of the fungus?

Answer 16

the feeding portion

Question 17

the hyphae are divided into

Answer 17

septa

Question 18

what is the septa?

Answer 18

the cells thay hyphae are divided into

Question 19

what is the function of the septa

Answer 19

allows for the flow of nutrints between the compartments of the hyphae

Question 20

what are coenocytic myceli?

Answer 20

have several nuclei and cannot be divided into separate cells,, they do not have septa

Question 21

some fungi can be

Answer 21

predatory

Question 22

what is an example of the predatory fungi

Answer 22

cordyceps, the zombie ant thingy

Question 23

why do we study fungi?

Answer 23

-health
- food
- carbon and nutrient cycles

Question 24

what are the heath impacts of fungi

Answer 24

• some fungi have antimicrobial impacts
• pathogens,, ringworm athlets foot
• mold
• source of antibiotics ie penicilin

Question 25

what is fungis impact on the food supply

Answer 25

- mushrooms - alcohol fermentation - molds on foods - plant diseases

Question 26

what are fungis impact on the carbon and nutrient cycles

Answer 26

- fungi digest cellulose and lignin which contain carbon and release it into the atmosphere for plants to later use

Question 27

fungi can include

Answer 27

mushrooms molds, mildews, and yeast

Question 28

fungi is not

Answer 28

mobile

Question 29

fungi are

Answer 29

chemoorganoheterotrophs and obtain nutrients through extracellular digestion

Question 30

fungi are more closely related to

Answer 30

animals

Question 31

what are the 3 morphological traits that fungi and animals share?

Answer 31

chitin flagella on the gametes store food in the form of glycogen

Question 32

what is chitin?

Answer 32

prominent component of the cell walls in fungi

Question 33

what are the 6 lineages of fungi?

Answer 33

microsporidia chytrids zygomycetes glomeromycetes ascomycetes -

Question 34

macroevolution between the groups of fungi is best understoon through

Answer 34

obtaining food and reproduction

Question 35

what are mycorrhizal fungi?

Answer 35

grow on roots and serve as a source of nutrients - help the plant grow -

Question 36

the fungi and the roots that that inhabit are called

Answer 36

mycorrhizae

Question 37

saprophyte fungi

Answer 37

digest dead plant materal (decomp) - secrete lignin peroxidase to digest lignin - secrete cellulase to digest cellulose

Question 38

what are ecto- (outside) and endo- (inside) phtes

Answer 38

live between and within plant cells and in association with roots leaves flowers and stems

Question 39

what are the two secretions of saprophyte fungi?

Answer 39

- lignin peroxidase -cellulase

Question 40

what are ectomychorrizal fungi?

Answer 40

form hyphae that surround but do NOT penetrate plant root cells,, they penetrate in between the cells instead - transfer nitrogen from the soil to the plant in exchange for sugar - most often found on trees

Question 41

what are endomychorrhizal fungi?

Answer 41

from hyphae that penetrate the plant root cells, they exchange nitrogen for sugar (found in 80% of plants) - transfer nutrogen in exchanfe for sugars

Question 42

what is an example of mutualism between fungi and animals

Answer 42

leafcutter ants,, the ants bring root to the funi colony and the fugi digests it and leaves components that the ants can actually eat

Question 43

asecualadaptations for reporduction of fungi

Answer 43

- fungi are primarily haploid - haploid sporangia divide by mitosis to produce spores ,, the spores then undergo mitosis to form mycelium

Question 44

spores are less vulnerable to

Answer 44

drying out

Question 45

true or false, you would use an antibiotic to treat a fungal infection

Answer 45

false

Question 46

what are the 4 types of reproductive structures in fungi?

Answer 46

1. ascomycetes 2. basidiomycetes 3. cytrids 4. zygomycetes

Question 47

what is the reproductive structure chytrid?

Answer 47

swimming gametes and spores

Question 48

what is the reproductive structure basidiomycetes?

Answer 48

(basidia) club shaped structure where meiosis occurs and 4 spores form (looks like a cartoon hand missing a thumb)

Question 49

what is the reproductive structure ascomycetes?

Answer 49

(asci) sac like cells where meiosis occur and 8 spores form look like corndogs with holes in them

Question 50

what is the reproductive structure of zygomycetes?

Answer 50

(zygosporangia) spore producing structures that form when hyphae are yolked looks like a o0o