Bio Exam 4 Class 3 (Deuterostomes) Flashcards

1
Q

all deuterstomes are also

A

bilateral triploblasts

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2
Q

deuterstomes are not as … as protostomes

A

neumerous

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3
Q

what forms first for deuterostomes

A

anus first

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4
Q

what are the two main groups of deuterstomes

A

echinodermata and chordata

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5
Q

what do echino derms include?

A

marine invertabrates (sea urchins. sea stars, sea cucumbers)

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6
Q

what are the 4 synapomorphies of echinoderms?

A
  1. pentaridal symmetry
  2. endoskeleton
  3. water vascular system
  4. tube feet
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7
Q

ehinoderm larva are… symmetrical.. adults are

A

bilateral,, pentaradial

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8
Q

some echinoderms have evolved an

A

exoskeleton

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9
Q

what does the water vascular system do for echinodems>

A

hydrostati skeleton

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10
Q

what do tube feet do>

A

help with movement and predation

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11
Q

what and how do echinoderms feed.

A

algae and prey on animals
- suspension feed or eat detritus

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12
Q

what are some of the ecosystem impacts of echinodermata>

A

ex. kelp forests
- sea urchins eat kelp
- otters eat urchins
- sea urchins then boomed everywhere which then deforested the kelp
- this leading of less o2 and carbon sequestration

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13
Q

what are chordates?

A

include two sub groups plus verbrates

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14
Q

what are the 3 froupd of chordates

A

cephalochordates
urochordates
vertebrates

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15
Q

what are the 4 synapomorphies of chordates

A
  • pharyngeal gill slits
  • dorsal hollow nerve chord
  • notochord
  • post anal tail
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16
Q

what are vertabrates?

A

a subgroup of chordates that share two additional synapomorphies

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17
Q

what are the 2 additional synapomorphies of vertabrates?

A

vertebrae
cranium

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18
Q

what is the vertabrae?

A

bony or cartilaginous structural support column

19
Q

what is the cranium?

A

bony or cart. fibrous case that encloses the brain

20
Q

where did the craium first evolve from?

A

the boney exoskeleton

21
Q

the first vertabrae are

A

cartilagenous

22
Q

what morphological innovation did the vertabrates develop to live on land

A

jawws
bony endoskel
limbs- tetrapod
amniotic eggs

23
Q

jaws gradually evolved from

A

pharyngeal gill arches

24
Q

jaws allowd…

A

ray finned fishes and tetrapods to capture food

25
fish are not
monophyletic
26
approximately half of all vertabrate species are... and the other half are...
ray finned fishes and tetrapods
27
fossil evidence suggests that fins evolved into
limbs
28
what do limbs allow for
movement on land
29
what does the amniotic eggs help with
protects embryos from dessication
30
amniotes are split into two groups
mammals and reptiles
31
the amniotic egg is different between reptiles and mammals in that
the reptiles have a shell and in mammals they have a placenta
32
what mammals lay eggs
platypi and echidnas
33
what are the advantages and disadvantages to parental care
advantages: - better survival for offspring Disadvantages: - lactation is a lot of enerygy - moms will fight to the death for her offspring - have to find food for their young
34
what is an r selected species
individuals with high mortality - many babies at once - low parental care ex.) mice and rabbits
35
what are k selecte dspecies
- lower mortality rate - high parental care - only a few babies at once
36
look at the surviroship curve for word map
hehe
37
examples of r selected
cockroach dandelion
38
examples of k selected
elephant and saguaro cactus
39
what was the importance of feather evolution
-insulation - display - flight facilitation
40
what are primates>
mammals that include moneys, apes and humans
41
what are the 2 groups of primates>
- prosimians (arboreal, small, nocturnal) - anthropoids (human like)
42
what are hominidae?
himinids are a subgroup of mammals including gorillas chips humans etc.
43
what are 3 sunapomorphies of hominids>
1 large brians 2 hand and feet 3 parental care
44
what is bipedalism?
found only in hominids