Bio Exam 3 Class 2 (Protists)

Question 1

what is primary endosymbiosis?

Answer 1

when an anceient protist engulfed a cynobacteria

Question 2

what is secodary endosymbiosis

Answer 2

when a protist engulfs a protist that already had a chloroplast

Question 3

endosymbiosis does not account for the origin of..

Answer 3

the nucleus

Question 4

how did the er and nuclear membrane form?

Answer 4

the outer membrane infolded inward and made the ER and made the nucleus

Question 5

what is the evidence for the nuclear membrane infolding to form the nucleus?

Answer 5

NM and ER are continuous

Question 6

what did the infoldings of the nucleus do?

Answer 6

it separated transcription and translation (better allows for gene enscription

Question 7

many but not all protists have elaborate

Answer 7

cells walls and shells

Question 8

amoeboid protists (unicellular) lack

Answer 8

elaborate cell walls

Question 9

what was the greatest innovation for protists?

Answer 9

multicellularity

Question 10

what did multicellularity allow cells to do?

Answer 10

specialize for different functions, and increase in size

Question 11

what is another major innovation in protists

Answer 11

the development of sexual reproduction

Question 12

what are the advantages for asexual reproduction?

Answer 12

• you know what you are going to get
• can reproduce faster
• “cheaper”
• dont waste time looking for a mate

Question 13

what are advantages about sexual reproduction

Answer 13

• swapping genes allows for variable phenotypes
• less susceptible to pathogens
• variability allows for a higher chance of success
• fewer clones to compete for resources (less offspring)

Question 14

protists can either reproduce asexually through… or sexually though…

Answer 14

mitosis,,, meiosis

Question 15

protists can be predominately… or …..

Answer 15

haploid or diploid

Question 16

what is the alternation of generations

Answer 16

includes haploid and diploid phases

Question 17

why do we study protists?

Answer 17

medical importance
ecological importance
critical for understanding the evolution of plants, animals, and fungi by analyzing morphological innovations

Question 18

what are some of the medical impacts of protists

Answer 18

• some protists cause disease (irish potato famine) (malaria)

Question 19

what is plasmodium?

Answer 19

infects the liver and blood cells where it is picked up by mosquitos, produces, and infects others

Question 20

protists make up only …% of names euks

Answer 20

10%

Question 21

the abundance of protists are very

Answer 21

high

Question 22

what are some ecological impacts of protists?

Answer 22

• primary producers (phytoplankton)
• they make up the base part of the aquatic food chain
  -consumers and decomposers

Question 23

what is an example of amoebozoa>

Answer 23

slime molds

Question 24

what is the habitat of a slime mold?

Answer 24

wet forest

Question 25

what is an example of an excavata?

Answer 25

euglenids,, freshwater habitat,, single celled,, lack mitoch.,, have choloroplasts,, asexual

Question 26

what is an example of a plantae?

Answer 26

algae,, ocean and hot spring habitat, multicell and alternation of generations

Question 27

what is an example of a rhizaria?

Answer 27

actinopods, ovean habitats, feed by phagocytosis, reporduce asexually by mitosis

Question 28

what is an example of an alveolata?

Answer 28

apicomplexans,, parasitic habitat, unicellular and responsible for many diseases

Question 29

what is an example of stramenopila?

Answer 29

diatoms,, ocean and freshwater habitat, unicellular have chloros, brown algae, ocean habitat, chloros, alternation of gen,, secondary endosymb.

Question 30

example of opistokonta

Answer 30

choanoflagellates,, (closest relative to animals)