Bio Exam 3 Class 4 (Green Algae and Plants Cont.)

Question 1

gymnosperms

Answer 1

• seed plants
• live in dry fields and forests
• sporophyte dominant life cycle
  -heterosporous
• ex.) conifers, pine trees, etc.

Question 2

traechids and vessel elements

Answer 2

allowed plants to more efficiently transport water
- allowed seed plants to grow taller in drier environemtns

Question 3

xylem moves

Answer 3

up

Question 4

phloem move

Answer 4

down

Question 5

non vacular plants do not have

Answer 5

traechids, xylem, or phloeam

Question 6

what does phloeam do>

Answer 6

transprots sugars from the rest of the leaves down to the rest of the plant

Question 7

what is wood

Answer 7

when tracheid’s and vessel elements form extremely strong support materials called wood
(diagram in the powerpoint)

Question 8

nonvascular plants are

Answer 8

homosporous

Question 9

vascular plants are

Answer 9

hetersporous

Question 10

hetrospory

Answer 10

aka kdifferent sporangia
-evolution in seed plants

Question 11

microsporangia produce

Answer 11

microspores

Question 12

microspores produce

Answer 12

male gametophytes

Question 13

male gametophytes produce

Answer 13

sperm

Question 14

megasorangia produce

Answer 14

megaspores

Question 15

megasores produce

Answer 15

female gametophytes

Question 16

female gametophytes produce

Answer 16

eggs

Question 17

what is the male gametophyte?

Answer 17

pollen grain

Question 18

heterospory led to the evolution of

Answer 18

pollen

Question 19

what is pollen

Answer 19

male gametophytes encased in sporopollenin

Question 20

why is pollen good

Answer 20

it prevents drying out and can be dispersed by wind or animals

Question 21

seed plants do not have sperm

Answer 21

flagellated

Question 22

why do seed plants not have flagellated sperm>

Answer 22

they did not reqjuire watr for reprocton

Question 23

what is the benefit of seeds?

Answer 23

they provided a protective coat and nutrients to the embryo so that it could live outside the plant
(freedom from water)

Question 24

angio sperms

Answer 24

flowering seed plants
- habitat,, everywhere except for the deep ocea
-sporophyte dominated life cycle
- most diverse group of land plants

Question 25

what are the two major groups of angiosperms

Answer 25

- monocots - eudicots

Question 26

what are the differences between monocot sand eudicots?

Answer 26

different on cotyledons, vascular tissue, veins, and flowers

Question 27

what is a cotyledon?

Answer 27

embrionic leaves,, they store nutrients and supplies for the developing plant

Question 28

4 morphological diffferences between monocots and eudicots

Answer 28

look at the PowerPoint for the chart

Question 29

what is a stamen>

Answer 29

found in flowers and it is where microsporangia develop

Question 30

what is a carpel?

Answer 30

found in flowers where the megasporangia develop

Question 31

andgiosperm require

Answer 31

double fertilization

Question 32

what is double fertilization?

Answer 32

one sperm fertilized the egg to form the zygots a second sperm fertilizes the polar nuclei to form the endosporm

Question 33

what is the endospem

Answer 33

(3n) nutrient rich "yolk"

Question 34

petals of slowers are part of

Answer 34

pollination syndromes

Question 35

what are pollenation syndromes?

Answer 35

suites of traits that co evolve with specific pollinators

Question 36

what is nectar

Answer 36

the reward tha pollinators get for pollinating the plants

Question 37

what is a fruit?

Answer 37

derived from the ovary and it contains one or more seeds (some angiosperms evolve fruits that attract animals so that theyll disperse their fertilized seeds) (some seeds have specialized structures that allow them to be disperses by wind or water)

Question 38

why have angiosperms under gone an explosion in adaptive radiation

Answer 38

vascular tissue, veins, fruit, flowers

Question 39

what are the key lineages of plants

Answer 39

- nonvasular plants - seedless vascular - seed plants

Question 40

characteristics of nonvasc plants

Answer 40

- low sprawling growth - anchored by rhizoids -flagellated sperm - coated sperm that are dispersed by wind

Question 41

characteristics of seedless vascular

Answer 41

lignin reinforced cells (xylem and phloem) - flagellated sperm - leaves and roots

Question 42

characteristics of seed plants

Answer 42

- form a monophyletic group - gymnosperms and agniosperms - seeds - found in almost every habitat

Question 43

in gymnosperms the gametes come in

Answer 43

cones

Question 44

what are the 4 major differences between monocots and eudicots?

Answer 44

- Cotelydons - vascular tissue

Question 45

how many cotelydons does a monocot have,, and how many cotelydons do eudicots have

Answer 45

1,, more than one

Question 46

what does the vascular tissue look like in monocots?,, in eudicots?

Answer 46

- scattered around the stem - arranged in a circular pattern around the stem

Question 47

what type of veins to monocots have?,,, eudicots?

Answer 47

- parallel veins IIIII - branching veins YYYYY

Question 48

what do flowers look like in monocots? eudicots>

Answer 48

- multiples of 3 - multiples of 4 or 5