Final Drugs Flashcards
Glaucoma
-Pilocarpine (M3)
-Brimonidine (a2)
-Timolol
Pilocarpine
-M3
-inc secretions
-tx glaucoma and cotton mouth
Bethanechol
-cholinergic
-GI stim
-urinary RETENTION
Methacholine
-cholinergic
-test hyperactive airways
Carbachol
-ocular
-cholinergic
-glaucoma
Cholinergic side effects
-Diarrhea
-Urination
-Miosis
-Bradycardia
-BronchoCONSTRICTION
-Emesis
-Lacrimation
-Salivation + Sweating
-DUMBBELS
-inc secretions
Pralidoxime
-AChE inhibitor
-tx pesticide/nerve poisoning
-blah blah blash esteratic site
-combine w atropine
-tx before aging occurs!
Donepezil
-tx alzheimers
Rivastigmine
-AChE inhibitors
-lose effectiveness as alzheimer progresses
Galantamine
-AChE inhibitor
-alzheimers
Alzheimers
-Donepezil
-Rivastigmine
-Galantamine
-Memantine
Contraindications to PSNS
-asthma/COPD
-coronary deficiency
-peptic ulcer (inc acid secretion)
-obstruction of urinary/GI tract
-epilepsy
Atropine
-M ANTAgonist
-nonselective
-sympathetic activity
-tx motion sickness
Scopolamine
-more CNS action than atropine
-more drowsy
-tx motion sickness
Homatropine and Tropicamide
-antimuscarinic
-used optically bc short duration of action
Benztropine
-antimuscarinic
-tx parkinsons
-sedative activity
Ipratropium
-antimuscarinic w receptor activity similar to atropine
-tx COPD, sometimes asthma
Glycopyrrolate
-pre-op to reduce secretions in GI
-antimuscarinic
Tolterodine (Detrol)
-M3 antimuscarinic
-tx overactive bladder
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
-Tubocurarine (blocks)
-Succinylcholine (activates then blocks)
Tubocurarine
-nicotinic ANTAgonist
-neuromuscular blocker
-skeletal muscle relaxation
Succinylcholine
-N agonist then causes depolarization
-muscle paralysis
-neuromusc blockade
Botulinum toxin
-inhibit release of ACh
-tx muscle spasms, hyperhidrosis
Hexamethonium
Norepinephrine (NE)
-activates a and B1
-a1: vasoCONSTRICTION = inc BP
-B1: inc heart force and conduction
Epinephrine
-a1: inc BP, inhibit insulin secretion
-B1: inc HR
-B2: vasodilation (dec BP) and bronchodilation, use glycogen
-tx anaphylaxis or cardiac arrest
-also counter HYPOglycemia (inc glucose)
Dopamine (intropin)
-D1: inc blood flow to kidney
-B1: inc HR high dose
-a1: in BP high dose
-tx shock, heart failure, IV
a1 agonist drugs
-Phenylephrine
-Oxymetazoline
-decongestants
Isoproterenol
-non-selective B-agonist
-tx Asthma, COPD, bradycardia
B2 agonists
-Terbutaline
-Metaproterenol
-Albuterol
-Salmeterol
-Ritodrine
-tx asthma, premature labor
B1 agonists
-Dobutamine
-Dopamine
Dobutamine
-B1, a1
-acute heart failure and stress test
Mirabegron
-B3
-tx overactive bladder
a2 agonists
-Clonidine
-Methyldopa. (prodrug preg)
-Gunabenz
-Guanfacine
-Brimonidine
-Apraclonidine
-Tizanidine
-tx glaucoma, pain, HTN
indirect sympathomimetics
-amphetamine
-pseudoephedrinne
-ephedrine
-tyramine
-dont take w MAO inhibitor
-promote NE release
-tx ADHD, narcolepsy, weight
MAO inhibitors
-Phenelzine
-Selegiline
-do NOT coadmin w drugs that can cause HTN crisis
=inc NE
NET inhibitors
-Cocaine
-Methylphenidate
-venlafaxine
Cocaine
-block NET and DAT
=more NE
-local anesthetic
Methylphenidate (ritalin)
-block NET and DAT
-tx ADHD, narcolepsy in children
Atomoxetine
-NET inhibitor
-tx ADHD
-non-stimulant
nonselective a antagonist
-Phenoxybenzamine
-Phentolamine
-tx HTN crisis but too many a2 effects (HYPOtension)
a1 antagonists
-Prazosin
-Terazosin
-Doxazosin
-tx HTN and BPH
Phenoxybenzamine
-a1/a2 ANTAgonist
Nonselective B ANTAgonists
-propranolol
-Nadolol
-Timolol
-Pindolol
-Cartelol
B1 ANTAgonists
-metoprolol
-Bisoprolol
-Atenolol
-Emolol
-tx HTN and agina
-dont use in asthma, COPD, heart failure
a1,B1 ANTAgonists
-Labetalol
-Carvedilol
-tx HTN, heart failure
Drugs that reduce NE release
-Bretylium Tosylate
-Reserpine
-rarely used but tx HTN
