Female Reproductive

Question 1

What hormones mark the follicular phase?

Answer 1

Estrogen. Slight bump of FSH at beginning. 0-14 days

Question 2

What hormones mark the luteal phase?

Answer 2

Estrogen, progesterone, inhibin. 14-28 days

Question 3

When does the LH surge take place?

Answer 3

Day 14

Question 4

How does estrogen affect the release of LH?

Answer 4

Inhibits before ten days, stimulates after

Question 5

What phase of meiosis are oocytes frozen in at birth?

Answer 5

Prophase 1

Question 6

Where are primordial follicles found?

Answer 6

Only in the cortex

Question 7

What is the theca interna rich in?

Answer 7

Capillaries

Question 8

What makes the zona pellucida, and what does it do?

Answer 8

Oocyte and granulosa cells. Prevents penetration by multiple sperm. Is glycoprotein

Question 9

What are primordial follicles activated by?

Answer 9

BMP4, FGF, LIF, SCF

Question 10

Layers of primary follicle from out to in?

Answer 10

Theca externa(capsule, no hormones), theca interna(capillaries here, hormones), BL, granulosa cells, zona pellucida, oocyte

Question 11

FSH is regulated by what?LH?

Answer 11

Estrogen and progesterone. Only estrogen

Question 12

What is the main function of progesterone?

Answer 12

Thickens endometrium and prevents beginning of new cycle

Question 13

Which cells in corpus luteum secrete progesterone?

Answer 13

Granulosa cells

Question 14

What happens to corpus luteum in pregnancy? Not?

Answer 14

Saved and enlarges. Eaten by macrophages

Question 15

Explain PCOS?

Answer 15

Thick capsule forms around oocyte, no estrogen or progesterone, male characteristics.

Question 16

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 16

In ampulla of oviduct

Question 17

What are the two layers of the endometrium?

Answer 17

Functionalis that is shed, stratum basalis is that regenerates functionalis

Question 18

What do glands in uterus look like during secretory phase?

Answer 18

Serrated

Question 19

What does uterine hyperplasia do to cancer risk?

Answer 19

Ups significantly. PCOS can cause

Question 20

What does vagina produce? How do bacteria use it?

Answer 20

Glycogen. Acidic environment made

Question 21

Does estrogen produce more acidophils?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What rescues the corpus luteum?

Answer 22

hCG, which is secreted by blastocyst

Question 23

What is the purpose of the chorionic villi of placenta?

Answer 23

Keep maternal and fetal blood separate. Fetal in syncytiotrophoblast, maternal in inside cytotrophoblast

Question 24

How does progesterone affect prolactin?

Answer 24

Inhibits it and lactation

Question 25

Why are double mastectomies popular?

Answer 25

Lymph from one breast often spreads to the other