FABM 2 CHAPTER 2 AND 3 REVIEWER Flashcards
is a statement explaining some of the changes between
two Statement of Financial Positions (SFP) taken one year apart.
Statement of Comprehensive Income
The SCI is a statement explaining some of the changes between two________________ taken _________ apart.
Statement of Financial Positions (SFP) , one year
Are the general terms used to describe the elements of the SCI;
Income and expense
Refers to a transaction that increases assets and/or
decreases liabilities leading to an increase in equity resulting from the operations of the business and not from the owner’s contribution.
Income
are transactions that decrease assets and/or
increase liabilities leading to a decrease in equity resulting from the
operations of the business and because of distributions to owners.
Expenses
- Recall Maria Reyes, a regular customer of Juana Dela Cruz. Maria purchased 3
small cans of sardines that Juana sells for P 25 per can. Maria asked Juana to
include it in her account, Juana purchased the sardines from her wholesale
supplier at P15 per can. - Recall Pedro Benitez who rented a small space on the store’s countertop for his
coffee vending machine. On October 1, 20X1, he paid six months advance rental
of P500 per month. - Juana Dela Cruz, the owner of the store, deposited P1,000 to the store’s savings
account from her personal account.
Which of the above transactions will be reported as income?
- Recall Maria Reyes, a regular customer of Juana Dela Cruz. Maria purchased 3 small cans of sardines that Juana sells for P 25 per can. Maria asked Juana to include it in her account, Juana purchased the sardines from her wholesale supplier at P15 per can.
are income generated
from the primary operations of the
business.
Revenues
are income derived from other
activities of the business.
Gains
are related to the primary
operations of the business.
Expenses
are from
other activities of the business.
Losses
from notes payable is not
part of the selling activities of the store.
Interest expense
Interest expense from notes payable is not
part of the selling activities of the store. It is
classified as_______________
losses and other expenses.
Accrual states that:
revenue must be reported on the accounting period
that it was _________________.
earned
Accrual states that:
expenses must be reported during the same
reporting period they were __________
incurred
______________ states that:
revenue must be reported on the accounting period
that it was earned.
expenses must be reported during the same
reporting period they were incurred
Accrual
Assuming that you want to celebrate your next birthday at a fast-food restaurant. Let
us agree that your birthday is on January 2, 20X2. Reservation was made on
November 28, 20X1, and a down payment for your birthday party was made. The
party, held on January 2, 20X2, was a complete success. At the end of the party, your
parents paid the remaining balance using their credit card. The credit card company
paid the fast food restaurant on January 3, 20x2.
We see three important dates in your birthday party package, namely:
1. November 28, 20X1,
2. January 2, 20X2; and
3. January 3, 20X2.
Questions:
1. On what date should the restaurant record the revenue from your birthday party?
2. During what period should the costs of the foods served and other items used in
your party be reported on the SCI?
3. What is the treatment on the credit card payment made on January 2, 20x2 when
the actual settlement by the credit card company was made on January 3, 20x2?
- The restaurant should record the revenue from your birthday party on January 2, 20X2, the date of the party. This is the point in time when the service was rendered to you and your guests, and when the restaurant earned the revenue.
- The costs of the foods served and other items used in your party should be reported on the SCI for the period January 1, 20X2 to January 2, 20X2. This is the period when the restaurant incurred the costs associated with your party.
- The credit card payment made on January 2, 20X2 should be recorded as a receivable on the restaurant’s books, since the actual settlement by the credit card company was made on January 3, 20X2. On January 3, 20X2, the restaurant should record the receipt of cash from the credit card company and should recognize any fees or charges associated with the credit card transaction.
Expenses are “matched” and
recorded in the same period that the
revenue it generated was recognized
Matching Principle
requires the cost
of long-term expenditure to be rationally allocated
throughout usage based on the expected pattern of
usage.
* An example of expenses estimated using rational
allocation is the depreciation of equipment
Rational Allocation
In cases when accountants cannot determine how
long the expenditure will benefit the business
or if there is any benefit at all, then conservatism
dictates that the cost of the expenditure should be
charged to the expense immediately.
Immediate Recognition
Is generally used to describe
revenue derived from the rendering of services.
Service Income
- Rental Revenue
- Professional Fee; and
- Tuition Revenue
What type of income?
Service Income
is generally used to describe revenue
derived from selling goods.
Sales or Sales Revenue
- Office Supplies Sales
- Book Sales
- Food Sales
What type of income?
Sales Revenue
Revenue from sales of goods is recognized when _______________
Goods have been delivered.
This is an account used by
companies that sell goods instead of services.
Cost of Goods Sold (Cost of Sales)-
For trading operations,
the COGS or the COS collects the ____________
cost of the merchandise sold.
The cost of unsold merchandise is reported as ______________ in the SFP.
Inventory
The ____________ is reported as Inventory in the SFP.
cost of unsold merchandise
There are two
ways of keeping records of the inventory:
- Perpetual
- Periodic
Uses an occasional physical count to measure the level of inventory and the cost of goods sold.
Periodic inventory system
Keeps track of inventory balances continuously, with updates made automatically whenever a product is received or sold.
Perpetual inventory system
refer to all other expenses related to the
operation of the business, other than the cost of sales.
Operating Expenses
These include
salaries of employees, supplies, utilities (electricity, telephone, and water
bills), gasoline expense, representation, bad debts expense,
depreciation, and amortization.
Operating Expenses
Losses and other expenses as well as gains and other
income are reported after the ________
operating section of
the SCI.
This groups all revenue items together and
all expense items together.
Single-step Statement of
Comprehensive Income
Net
income is computed using only one step,
deducting total expenses from total
revenues.
Single-step Statement of
Comprehensive Income
Characterized by
the presentation of several subtotals
until net income is determined.
Multi-step Statement of
Comprehensive Income
Associated with the function of expense
format.
Multi-step Statement of
Comprehensive Income
The ______________
classifies operating expenses into three
categories based on usage.
function of expense
The categories of function of expense are:
1) The cost of sales,
2) General
3) Administrative expenses
4) Selling expenses
reports the results of operations of the business for one period.
SCI
Is a statement dated “for the year
ended.”
Statement of Changes in Equity
The report shows a reconciliation of the
beginning and ending balances of the equity
accounts.
Statement of Changes in Equity
It summarizes the equity transactions with the
owners of the business that occurred during
the year
Statement of Changes in Equity
There are three basic forms of
business organizations, namely:
(1) sole proprietorship
(2) partnership
(3) corporation
there is only one owner.
sole proprietorship,
is owned by two or more partners.
partnership
will track his/ her contributions to
the business, his/her share in the net income, and his/her
drawings.
Each partner’s capital account
is also maintained for each partner.
drawings account
Three new equity accounts may be used, namely (Corporation)
a) capital stock,
b) additional paid-in capital, and
c) retained earnings.
The stockholders’ equity of a corporation is divided into two parts:
Paid-in capital and retained earnings.
is composed of capital stock and additional paid-in capital
Paid-in capital
is the amount of contributions given or will be given to the
corporation in exchange for its common stocks
Paid-in capital
is the minimum price by which corporations can issue stocks to shareholders.
Par value
The excess of the issue price over the par is reported
as __________
additional paid-in capital.
reports the undistributed earnings of the
corporation
Retained Earnings
