English Reviewer Flashcards
is a multifaceted
process involving word
recognition, comprehension,
fluency, and motivation.
Reading
WHY DO WE READ?
- Improve language
acquisition - Improve Spelling,
Grammar, and Writing - Improve Reading
Comprehension
Reading longer text for pleasure and
developing a general understanding.
This is commonly done outside class
hours.
Extensive Reading
Reading short text with specific
details for the sake of learning and
tasks.
Intensive Reading
This is the approach used in
class.
Intensive Reading
Is a medium of human
communication that represents
language with signs and symbols
Writing
APPROACHES IN READING (List em)
Extensive Reading and Intensive Reading
WHY DO WE WRITE?
- Express ourselves
- Promote beliefs
- Advocate changes
the ability to use language
and express your opinions
well, especially when you
are speaking in public.
eloquence
connotes the expression and representation of
ideas either in spoken or written form.
Text
is generally considered as written material,
especially longer pieces of writing as in a book, a
letter or a newspaper.
Text
Text is generally considered as ______________,
especially longer pieces of writing as in a book, a
letter or a newspaper
written material
is generally considered as written material,
especially longer pieces of writing as in ___________________
a book, a
letter or a newspaper.
a group of ideas put together to make a point or one
central idea .
Text
also made up of sentences.
Text
A formal, orderly and usually extended
expression of thought on a subject; connected
speech or writing; a linguistic unit (as a
conversation or a story) larger than a sentence.
(Merriam-Webster)
connected discourse?
A formal, orderly and usually extended
expression of thought on a subject;
connected discourse
connected
speech or writing;
connected discourse
a linguistic unit (as a
conversation or a story) larger than a sentence.
(Merriam-Webster)
connected discourse
Give examples of connected discourse
1) Journal/Diary
2) News Article
3) Anectdotes
4) Critiques
5) Research
Purpose of connected discourse?
1) To inform
2) To persuade
3) To entertain
it gives facts,
instructions
or directions
to the
readers.
To inform
this shows an appeal
to the reader’s emotion
or to prevail on (a
person) to do
something.
To PERSUADE
to provide
someone
amusement or
enjoyment.
To entertain
WHAT ARE THE QUALITIES OF A TEXT?
COHESION, COHERENCE, INTENTIONALITY, ACCEPTABILITY, INFORMATIVITY, SITUATIONALITY and INTERTEXTUALITY
The elements of
the text are
linked together.
COHESION
The organization
and connection of
ideas in a text.
COHERENCE
A text must be
written with a
purpose whether
that is to inform,
persuade, or
entertain.
INTENTIONALITY
A group or a
number of people
shall accept the text.
ACCEPTABILITY
This quality of the text
focuses on the amount
of new information
embedded on it.
INFORMATIVITY
This refers to the
socio-cultural
appropriateness of
the text.
SITUATIONALITY
A text exists because of
another text or an
event.
INTERTEXTUALITY
RULES IN WRITING
1) BEGIN WITH A TOPIC SENTENCE.
2) DISCUSS ONE POINT AFTER ANOTHER.
3) INTRODUCE NEW POINTS WITH A SIGNAL WORD.
4) SUPPORT EACH DETAIL WITH CONVICTION.
5) END WITH A CONCLUDED SENTENCE.
a skillful or efficient way of
doing or achieving something.
Technique
It is a process of generating
creative ideas and solutions
through intensive and freewheeling
group discussion
Brainstorming
A group creativity technique by which
efforts are made to find a conclusion for a
specific problem by gathering a list of
ideas spontaneously contributed by its
members.
Brainstorming
Brainstorming is what?
A group creativity technique
Who said this:
A group creativity technique by which
efforts are made to find a conclusion for a
specific problem by gathering a list of
ideas spontaneously contributed by its
members.
Alex Faickney Osborn (1953)
simply involves listing
ideas about a particular
topic.
IDEA LISTING
is a visual representation of ideas
and their connections with one
another, also called webbing or
clustering.
IDEA MAPPING
an idea is examined from six
distinct viewpoints.
CUBING
Writing what comes into your mind;
Continues writing without inhibitions
and not minding errors in spelling
and grammar.
FREE WRITING
Going to the library or
checking out websites on the
internet,thenmakingalist or
map of new ideas.
RESEARCHING
ADVANTAGES OF
BRAINSTORMING?
1) It encourages creative thinking .
2) All Ideas are accepted
3) It makes everyone part of a team.
4) It is exciting and easy.
5) It only works when everyone in the room
has something to say.
6) Without strict control or a leader present, the
the group may take a long time to get the
solutions.
7) Group with a large members will not be
effect.
8) People with high emotions are not allowed.
STEPS IN EFFECTIVE
BRAINSTORMING?
1) Layout the problem
you want to solve.
2) Identify the objectives
of a possible solution.
3) Try to generate
solutions individually.
4) When your problems,
objectives, and personal
solutions are clear, work as
a group.
a communication tool that uses visual
symbols to express knowledge,
concepts, thoughts, or ideas and the
relationship between them.
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
KINDS OF GRAPHIC
ORGANIZERS?
1) Clock Diagram
2) Venn Diagram
3) Y - Chart
4) Cycle Diagram
5) Star Diagram
6) Fishbone Map
7) Plot Diagram
8) Timeline
BENEFITS OF GRAPHIC
ORGANIZERS
1) Helps visualize or present information in a
the way that is easier to comprehend.
2) Provide the opportunity to actively
contribute and participate in the learning
process.
3) Develops cognitive skills such as
brainstorming, critical and creative
thinking, categorizing, and prioritizing
content, reflection, etc.
is a map of your essay.
It shows what information each
section or paragraph will contain,
and in what order.
Outline
Most outlines use
________________________ to
arrange information and convey
points. (George Mason University
Writing Center, 2016)
Numbers and/or bullet points
Most outlines use
numbers and/or bullet points to
arrange information and convey
points. (______________)
George Mason University
Writing Center, 2016
Planning for writing or creating a summary that gives the essential features of a text.
Outlining
Outline formats?
1) Decimal Outline
2) ALPHANUMERIC
-is a system of decimal notation that clearly shows
how every level of the outline relates to the larger
whole.
Decimal Outline
-ideas are organized through numbers and decimals.
Decimal Outline
is a form of outlining
that shows how every part of a paper
relates to the rest of the paper.
Decimal Outline
outline requires periods after each point.
ALPHANUMERIC
Rulez for Alphanumerics:
1) Use Roman numerals to list the main ideas (I., II., III., IV., …). And
always capitalize words.
2) Use capital letters for major details of the ideas (A., B., C., D., …).
3) Use Arabic numerals to provide minor details (1., 2., 3., 4., …).
4) Use lowercase letters if you need further division (a., b., c., d., …)
Systematic arrangement
of ideas using broad topic
in the form of words or
simple phrases as
headers.
TOPIC OUTLINE
-shorter and easier to
make.
TOPIC OUTLINE
-lists each section of the piece as
a full sentence.
SENTENCE OUTLINE
-Remember to use correct
punctuation.
SENTENCE OUTLINE
Also known as EXPANDED
OUTLINE.
SENTENCE OUTLINE
-Makes actual essay writing
easier.
SENTENCE OUTLINE
STEPS IN WRITING AN OUTLINE
1) Purpose
2) Audience
3) Thesis Statement
Determine the purpose of your paper.
Purpose
Determine the audience you are writing for.
Audience
Develop the thesis of your paper.
Thesis Statement
List all the ideas that you want to include in
your paper.
Brainstorm
Group related ideas together.
Organize
Arrange material in subsections from general to
specific or from abstract to concrete.
Order
Create main and subheadings.
Label
PRINCIPLES OF OUTLINING?
1) COORDINATION
2) SUBORDINATION
3) DIVISION
4) PARALLEL CONSTRUCTION
BENEFITS OF OUTLINING
1) It easily shows the relationship of ideas.
2) It helps organize your ideas.
3) It simplifies and helps you save
4) Time in writing.
5) It helps effective speaking.
