Exam 6-Salivary Gland Pathology-Non-neoplastic Flashcards
BUST OUT THE PEN AND PAPER: What are the 8 non-neoplastic salivary gland pathology conditions????
1.Stafne defect 2.Sial-adeno-sis 3. mucocele/ranula 4.salivary duct cyst 5.sialolith/sialolithiasis 6.Sial-Aden-itis 7.Adenomatid Hyperplasia of minor glands 8.necrotizing sialometaplasia
A developmental lingual mandibular salivary gland depression is also known as a WHAT 2 terms??
1.static bone cavity 2.STAFNE’s bone cavity
Stafne’s bone cavity traditionally thought to be developmental inclusion of _________ salivary gland along lingual cortex of the mandible
submandibular
Are there any signs or symptoms involved in a stafne’s bone cavity
nope
Stafne’s bone cavity is a Radio________, often CORITCATED or NON-CORTICATED???, ______ the inferior alveolar canal and roughly from angle to midbody (Rarely more ______)
lucency..corticated…BELOW….anterior
What is the treatment for a Stafne’s bone cavity?
no treatment (recognition only)
What is the term used for a “mucous extravasation phenomenon”?
a mucocele
A mucocele is defined as a traumatic severance of salivary _____ resulting in mucus extravasation into ________ tissue, NOT ______ lined
DUCT…connective…epithelial
What are the 4 most affected sites of a mucocele? What is the #1 site?
1.lower lip (#1) 2.lateral tongue 3.ant ventral tongue 4.cheek
Who are the two most age groups most likely to have a mucocele?
kids and young adults
How long does it take for a mucocele to develop? Are the soft or hard?
develop rapidly and they are soft and compressible
What is the name for a mucocele on the floor of the mouth?
a RANULA (latin for frog’s belly)
Where on the floor of the mouth is a ranula located?
lateral to the midline
Which type of ranula occurs when spilled mucin dissects through the mylohyoid muscle, producing swelling in neck?
a PLUNGING (cervical) ranula
In a plunging (cervical) ranula spilled ______ dissects through the _______ muscle, producing swelling in neck
mucin…mylohyoid
Belive it or not, an Antral pseudocyst is considered a ______
mucocele
What is a symmetrical DOME SHAPED soft tissue opacity in the floor of the antrum?
antral pseudocyst
What is the treatment for an antral pseudocyst?
no tx necessary
What is another term for a salivary duct cyst?
mucus retention cyst
A salivary duct cyst is a TRUE _________ lined cyst from salivary ____
epithelial…duct
As opposed to a mucocele, a salivary duct cyst (mucus retention cyst) happens in what age group?
adults (mucocele in kids/young adults)
A salivary duct cyst occurs in ______ and _____ glands and there can be multiple of them
major and minor
What 5 areas of the oral cavity are salivary duct cysts most common? What is the single most common location?
1.palate (most common) 2.parotid gland 3.FOM 4.buccal mucosa 5.lips
What color is associated with a salivary duct cyst? What is the feel of it?
BLUISH….soft fluctuant swelling
What is the treatment for a salivary duct cyst?
surgical excision
What is it called when calcifications develop in a salivary duct?
Siaolith (sialolithiasis) (salivary stones)
What is the cause of a sialolith(sialothiasis)?
uncertain
Where does a sialolith occur MOST OFTEN? What 3 other location do they also occur?
most often in the submandibular gland…1.minor glands 2.upper lip 3.buccal mucosa
What particular time does pain and swelling from a sialoloth typically occur?
meal time!
What are the three ways a sialolith can be viewed?
1.sialography 2.ultrasound 3.CT
Besides surgery, what are 3 unique treatments for a sialolith?
massage, fluid intake, heat
What is the virus known to cause sialdenITIS?
mumps (paramyxovirus)
If sialadenitis was caused by bacterial origin, what is the term used for the type of infection? What are usually the two main culprits?
retrograde infection..staph or strep
PEN AND PAPER: What are the 6 ways someone can get sialadenITIS?
1.Obstruction of the duct 2.sjogren’s syndrome 3.sarcoidosis/granulomatous 4.radiation 5.surgery (anathesia mumps) 6.allergic reaction
What type of virus is a mumps again? What is their primary target?
paramyxovirus…salivary glands
WTF?? Are you ready for this one?! What are the three complications of mumps? (3 -itis’ i’ve never heard of)…
1.epididym-oor-ch-itis 2.oo-phor-itis 3.mast-itis
What is the condition associated with gland swelling following general anesthesia?
anesthesia mumps
Anesthesia mumps is a ________ major gland swelling following general anesthesia
Self-limiting
Where is BY FAR the most common place for sialadenitis to occur?
the parotid
Whaty kind of exudate is often seen in sialadenitis? ANY TIME you have this you should think ______ is the culprit…
purulent…BACTERIA=pus
What is a LONG standing chronic inflammation of submandibular gland producing significant swelling like a neoplasm?
KUTTNER tumor
A KUTTNER tumor is a LONG standing chronic inflammation of _________ gland producing significant SWELLING like a neoplasm and it is categorized as a _______
submandibular…sialadenitis
One form of sialadenitis: _______ necrotizing sialadenitis-subset with RAPID onset PALATAL swelling in TEENS or young adults, possibly VIRAL
Subacute
One form of sialadenitis: SUBACUTE necrotizing sialadenitis-subset with RAPID onset _______ swelling in TEENS or young adults, possibly ______
PALATAL…VIRAL
What is a NON-inflammatory asymptomatic salivary gland enlargement?
SialadenOSIS (sialOSIS)
Where is sialadenosis typically found? Which anatomical structure is HYPERtrophied?
Parotid…the acini
What are the three categories of underlying systemic conditions that can lead to sialadenosis? What is an example of each category?
1.Endocrine: DM 2.Malnutrition (EtOH, anorexia) 3.HTN drugs
Where do we most frequently see Adenomatoid hyperplasia of the minor salivary glands?
hard or soft palate
Adenomatoid Hyperplasia of the Minor Salivary Glands are LOCAL…are they sessile or moveable??? painful or painless???
sessile and painless
Do you have to biopsy a Adenomatoid Hyperplasia of the Minor Salivary Glands?
yep, helps rule out a neoplasm
What is the pathogenesis of an Adenomatoid Hyperplasia of the Minor Salivary Glands?
unknown
What is a locally destructive inflammatory condition of the salivary glands due to INFARCTION from blockage of blood flow to gland?
Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
A nectotizing sialometaplasia is a locally destructive inflammatory condition of the salivary glands due to _______ from blockage of blood flow to gland
INFARCTION
Predisposing factors for a necrotizing sialometaplasia: traumatic injuries, dental ________, ill-fitting _______, upper respiratory infections, adjacent tumors, previous surgery
injections…dentures
Where do necrotizing sialometaplasias typically occur? Are they usually bilateral or unilateral?
palate…unilateral
The PROGRESSION of necrotizing sialometaplasia: ______ developing swelling, painful…ulceration…necrotic tissue sloughs out…heal in HOW LONG??
RAPIDLY….5-6 weeks
Necrotizing sialometaplasia mimics malignancy clinically AND histologically…WHAT is usually the differentiating factor?
the ACUTE/rapid onset
What is swelling and eversion of the lower lip as a result of hypertrophy and inflammation of the minor salivary glands?
Chelitis Glandularis
Where does Chelitis Glandularis occur?
lower lip
Palpation of Chelitis Glandularis often produces _______ from ducts
suppuration
The cause of CHELITIS GLANDULARIS most likely due to chronic ________ and retrograde ______
sun damage…infection
Histo of Chelitis Glandularis: chronic _______ and ______ dilation
sialadenitis…ductal
What is the CONTROVERSY surrounding Chelitis Glandularis?
if it is PRE-malignant or not (sun damage predisposes chelitis glandularis AND malignancy, but one does not cause the other)
Although uncommon, sialorrhea can be caused by LOCAL irritations like _______ and ______
apthous ulcers and ill fitting dentures
Sialorrhea can also be caused by which common GI condition that has secondary effects on the mouth?
GERD
Becareful of stray dogs and bats because ______ can give you sialorrhea…also be careful of amalgam because _______ can do it too
rabies…heavy metal poisoning
What two types of drugs can yield sialorrhea?
1.lithium 2.cholinergic agonists
Random-there is a form of sialorrhea called Idiopathic _______ sialorrhea and I have no idea what that means
paroxysmal
What are two exampls of neurological disorders that can cause sialorrhea?
down syndrome and cerebral palsy
To treat sialorrhea you can Rx anti-cholenergic meds like ________, but not to what age group?
Scop-ol-amine…not for children
What are the two “heroic” surgeries that can be done to treat sialorrhea?
1.relocate salivary ducts to tonsilar fossa 2.a tympanic neurectomy
Interesting…Xerostomia is defined as ________ sensation of a dry mouth
SUBJECTIVE
Xerostomia is common in order adults over age 60…what %?
25%
What are three of the most common complications of xerostomia?
candidiasis, cervical/root caries, alteration of taste
Common causes for Xerostomia: what are the three conditions that can cause Xerostomia, but are thought to be minor contributors?
DM, scardosis, GVDH
BUST OUT THE PEN AND PAPER…WHAT are the 7 common causes for Xerostomia?
1.Aging 2.Meds 3.Caffine/EtOH 4.Anxitey 5.Smoking 6.Radiation therapy 7.Sjogrens Syndrome
What are the two Rx meds for Xerostomia?
1.pilocarpine (Salagen) 2.cev-im-el-ine (Evo-Xac)
