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ORAL PATHOLOGY! > Exam 4-Blood Disorders > Flashcards

Exam 4-Blood Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for a decrease hemoglobin in blood resulting in inability to oxygenate tissue?

A

anemia

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2
Q

What is the most common form of anemia?

A

iron deficiency

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3
Q

Which type of iron deficiency anemia has an increased risk for ORAL and esophageal CARCINOMA in Scandinavians?

A

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

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4
Q

Pernicious Anemia is the loss of ________ and therefore ______ cannot be absorbed.

A

intrinsic factor…vit B12 (cobalamine)

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5
Q

What is a good example of either Hemoglobinopathy or hemolytic anemia?

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

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6
Q

What are the two main ORAL findings in Sickle Cell Anemia?

A

1.Atrophic glossitis 2. Angular Chelitis

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7
Q

What type of anemia usually displays these characteristics?? Glossodynia (pain), glossopyrosis (burning) atrophic “glossitis”, angular cheilitis, aphthous ulcers, candidiasis, loss of bone density

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

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8
Q

What is an uncontrolled overproduction of RBCs? (AND often platelets and WBCs!)

A

Polycythemia Vera

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9
Q

What happens to the blood in polycythemia vera? What are the ORAL findings?

A

Blood becomes viscous…Oral finding of Erythematous mucosa (lots of RBCs spreading out through the tissue)

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10
Q

What really general symptom will patients typically present with when having any type of anemia?

A

sore mouth

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11
Q

What is the term for a decrease in WBCs?

A

Leukopenia

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12
Q

What are the two types of Leukopenias?

A

1.Agranulocytotis 2.Lymphopenia

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13
Q

What are the two terms for a decrease in neutrophils?

A

1.AgranuloCytosis (neutropenia)-whats with all the names?!? i like the latter more

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14
Q

What do these manifestations usually point to??? may be primary or secondary to another condition (ie. drugs) prone to bacterial infection, ragged non-healing oral ulceration

A

Agranulocytosis (neutropenia) ((a type of leukopenia)

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15
Q

What is the term for a decrease in lymphocytes and what 2 types of infections are the patient most prone to?

A

Lymphopenia…prone to viral or fungal infections

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16
Q

What is the term for an INCREASE in WBCs?

A

Leukocytosis

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17
Q

What are the two ways a leukocytosis can occur?

A

1.physiologic (like an infection) 2.Leukemia

18
Q

What are the three types of leukemia?

A

1.Lymphocytic (making lymphomas) 2.myelogenous (making NEUTROPHILS again, why so many GODDAM names??) 3.Monocytic (making too many monocytes, still technically a myelogenous problem)

19
Q

What are the 2 primary ORAL manifestations for leukemia?

A

1.Diffuse gingival hyperplasia (the WBCs are just gathering in the area) 2. Radiolucency (more room needed for bone marrow, less bone in area)

20
Q

What are 2 secondary ORAL characteristics for leukemia?

A
  1. Prone to infections (neutropenia or lymphopenia) 2.Bleeding (thrombocytopenia)
21
Q

What is the term for poverty of platelets?

A

ThrombocytoPenia

22
Q

What is considered Primay thrombocytopenia?

A

immune mediated

23
Q

What are two typical causes of Secondary thrombocytopenia?

A

1.drugs 2.leukemia

24
Q

Which condition are you likely to see bleeding; petechiae, ecchymosis, purport VERY COMMON to manifest around NECKS of the teeth??

A

Thrombocytopenia

25
Q

These are common findings of thrombocytopenia: _______ measure between 4 and 10 mm (millimeters) in diameter.

A

Purpura

26
Q

These are common findings of thrombocytopenia:When purpura spots are LESS than 4 mm in diameter, they are called _______.

A

petechiae

27
Q

These are common findings of thrombocytopenia: Purpura spots LARGER than 1 cm (centimeter) are called _________.

A

ecchymoses

28
Q

These are common findings of thrombocytopenia: Rank purpura, petechiae, and ecchymoses from larges to smallest…

A

Largest: ecchymoses…Med: purpura…Small: petechiae

29
Q

What is a very unofficial, but helpful distinguishing factor between the manifestations of thrombocytopenia and hemophilia?

A

thromb: more superficial bleeding…hemophilia: deeper bleeding

30
Q

I WONDER WHAT THIS COULD BE???? X-linked deficiency of clotting factor VIII deep bleeding, joints, internal organs

A

Hemophilia A

31
Q

Bells palsy is no longer idiopathic, most of the time it is caused by a ______ infection and thus it has the nickname of ________

A

viral…POSTVIRAL NEUROPATHY

32
Q

Bells Palsy has an abrupt onset, (unilateral OR bilateral??) presentation, and typically occurs in _______ age

A

unilateral….middle

33
Q

Can Bells Palsy be recovered from?

A

Yes, most have COMPLETE recovery!

34
Q

What is cheilitis granulomatosis, fissured tongue, facial paralysis (not Bells palsy)???

A

MEL-KER-SSON-ROSEN-THAL SYNDROME

35
Q

MEL-KER-SSON-ROSEN-THAL SYNDROME is characterized by _______ granulomatosis, _______ tongue, and _______ paralysis (not Bells palsy).

A

cheilitis…fissured… facial

36
Q

What is another name for Trigeminal Neuralgia?

A

Tic Doulour-eaux pain of the V CN

37
Q

What is the typical age for the presentation of Tic Douloureaux? At what age is a concern for something else?? WHAT IS THAT SOMETHING ELSE?

A

middle age (45-55)…those under 30 suspect MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS!!

38
Q

What is characterized by extremely acute, EXCRUCIATING pain, abrupt onset, follows “TRIGGER” zone manipulation lasts seconds to a minute, and is often unilateral?

A

Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)

39
Q

If a Trigeminal Neuralgia is not caused by a postural infection, it could be because of what?

A

anatomic abnormalities in the area of the ganglion

40
Q

75% of people with Trigeminal Neuralgia get relief from what type of drug? What is a brandname?

A

anticonvulsants (Tegretol)

41
Q

What are the treatment options for Trigeminal Neuralgia if an anticonvulsant drug is not working?

A

NeuroSurgery (gamma knife, etc)

ORAL PATHOLOGY! (40 decks)

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