Exam 5-INFECTIVE stomatitis-FUNGAL Flashcards
What is the MOST COMMON oral fungal infection?
Candidiasis
Holy cannoli, what are the 6 forms of candidiasis?
1.Pseudomembanous 2.Erythematous “acute atrophic” 3. Chronic atrophic 4.Chronic Hyperplastic 5.Angular Chelitis 6. Median Rhomboid Glossitis
Which form of candida albicans is innocuous and which form is pathogenic?
Innocuous: yeast form…pathogenic: hyphae form
Which form of candadiasis is associated with white material that can be wiped off?
Pseudomembraneous candidiasis
What are the two possibilites for what is underneath the white material when it is wiped of in pseudomembranous candidiasis?
1.normal or 2.erythematous mucosa underneath
What are two common symptoms associated with pseudomembranous candidiasis?
burning sensation and metallic taste
What is another name for erythematous candidiasis?
Acute atrophic candidiasis
Which form of candidiasis is often associated with ANTIBIOTICS? “antibiotic sore mouth”
Erythematous “acute atrophic” candidiasis
Where does erythematous/acute atrophic candidiasis affect the oral cavity the most?
GINGIVA
Which type of papillae on the tongue is lost in erythematous/acute atrophic candidiasis?
loss of FILIFORM papillae
What is the official name for denture stomatitis/denture sore mouth?
CHRONIC atrophic stomatitis
Chronic atrophic stomatitis only occurs on WHICH arch? What is the MAIN cause?
maxilla…wearing dentures 24hrs/day
What are the 4 components of the white material that can be wiped off in pseudomembranous candidiasis?
tangled hyphae, yeasts, dead epithelial cells, and debris!
What is the nickname for Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis?
Candidal LEUKOPLAKIA
What is unique about the white lesion in chronic hyperplastic candidiasis compared to pseudomembranous candidiasis?
hyperplastic DOES NOT WIPE OFF!
Since chronic hyperplastic candidiasis is indistinguishable to leukoplakia, what do you do if the lesion does not respond to anti-fungals?
BIOPSY
What is usually the cause of angular chelitis? (what %?) If it is not this etiology, what its the other option?
candida causes it 90% of the time, staph or strep the other 10%
What are two PREdisposing factors to angular chelitis?
reduced vertical dimension and accentuated folds
What is the nickname for Median Rhomboid Glossitis?
Central papillary atrophy
What is the term for a well-defined, erythematous, rhomboid (diamond-shaped) area at midline of posterior dorsal tongue? What are the symptoms?
Median RHOMBOID Glossitis…Often asymptomatic
What type of STAIN can the pathologist use to diagnose a Median Rhomboid glossitis?
PAS stain
What is the cheap, topical antifungal that has generic options? What is the brand name though?
Nystatin (Mycostatin)
Which antifungal did we learn comes in a troche (dissolvable tablet)?
CLOT-rim-AZole (Mycelex)
Which type of anti-fungals are ABSORBED systmically? What are 2 examples?
the “azoles”-keto-CON-azole, flu-CON-azole
What organ is MOST affected by DEEP fungal infections?
the LUNGS
What are the two types of infection thus far that present ulcerations that can mimic squamous cell carcinoma?
DEEP fungal infections and TB
What are the 5 examples of DEEP fungal infections?
B-A-C-C-H…..Blastomycosis-Aspergillosis-Cryptococcosis-Coccidiomycosis-Histoplasmosis
What is the example for subcutaneous fungal infections? Gardening?
Sporo-TRI-Chosis
What is the example of an opportunisitic fungal infection that can occur in immunosuppressed/diabetics?
Zygo-My-cosis
How are DEEP fungal infections diagnosed and treated?
Biopsy, tissue stain, culture….systemic antifungal meds
