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ORAL PATHOLOGY! > Exam 1-Dev Disturb 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1-Dev Disturb 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Breakdown: Hereditary VS Genetic: What % of developmental abnormalities are of unknown etiology?

A

85%

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2
Q

Breakdown: Hereditary VS Genetic: What % of developmental abnormalities are inherited (ANY abnormality that is inherited is _________)

A

10%…any abnormality that is inherited is DEVELOPMENTAL

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3
Q

Breakdown: Hereditary VS Genetic: What % of developmental abnormalities have a known ENVIRONMENTAL cause (EtOH, thalidomide)?

A

5%

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4
Q

What is the definition of a developmental abnormality present at birth? Does this imply etiology?

A

Congenital

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5
Q

What are the 3 trademarks of a developmental abnormality?

A

1.Present at YOUNG AGE (or congenitally) 2.Bilaterally symmetrical 3. Asymptomatic

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6
Q

What is a generalized condition characterized by multiple abnormalities?

A

A Syndrome

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7
Q

What is the term for no jaw development? What is the general term for no development of a body part?

A

Agnatha (general term: its an aplasia)

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8
Q

What is the term for a small underdeveloped jaw? (what is the general term for an underdeveloped body part?)

A

micrognathia (hypoplasia)

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9
Q

What is the term for a large jaw?

A

Macrognathia

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10
Q

What are the two methods that a developmental condition can arise? (ex. micrognathia, macrognathia)

A
  1. Primary-developmental 2. Secondary or AQUIRED-from another disease condition (tumors, acromegaly, Paget’s disease)
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11
Q

What is one of the most common developmental abnormalities occurring in the the 1st trimester? How long is the 1st trimester?

A

Cleft lip/cleft palate-1st trimester is 4-12 weeks

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12
Q

How common is cleft lip/palate in white births?

A

1/1000 white births

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13
Q

When does cleft lip/palate occur?

A

1st trimester (4-12 weeks)

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14
Q

What is the etiology for Cleft lip and/or palate?

A

UNKNOWN-genes plus environmental factors, mutations have been shown in 6-10 or 12 genes involved in development of the palate or lip

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15
Q

How many genes have been shown to be involved in cleft lip/palate?

A

haha uhh 6-10 or 12 (why not 6-12…LOL)

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16
Q

Normal Palatal development: _______ palatal shelves fuse anteriorly at junction with ________ and fuse posteriorly

A

lateral….premaxilla

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17
Q

Upper lip development- Bilayered ________

A

epithelium

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18
Q

Upper lip development–_________ penetrates developing into ________ tissue and _______ and adding bulk to lip.

A

MESODERM…connective tissue and muscle

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19
Q

Upper lip development-Where does MESODERM come from?….._________ portion of __________ and __________

A

GLOBULAR…median nasal process……maxillary processes bilaterally

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20
Q

Cleft lip comes from a lack of _________ penetration.

A

mesodermal

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21
Q

Cleft lip- which lip? where on the lip? how often is it bilateral?

A

upper lip, off the midline…20% of the time it is bilateral

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22
Q

Where on the palate does a cleft typically form?

A

ANTERIOR to the pre maxilla….(plus or minus R or L over alveolar ridge)

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23
Q

Are bifid uvula and cleft palate associated?

A

NO not related

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24
Q

What is bifid uvula occasionally associated with?

A

A Submucosal cleft of muscle

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25
Q

RANK the frequency of: (Cleft palate) (cleft lip WITH cleft palate) (cleft lip)….

A

(cleft lip WITH cleft palate) > (cleft lip)&raquo_space; (cleft palate)

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26
Q

What % of people with JUST a cleft palate have other anomalies?

A

50% of people with just a cleft palate have other anomalies

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27
Q

about how many SYNDROMES have cleft palate as a component?

A

> 400!!

28
Q

About what % of cases of cleft palate are also SYNDROMIC (not talking about anomalies here)

A

30%

29
Q

What is the rule that Oral Surgeons follow when waiting to treat a cleft LIP?

A

Rule of 10 (10 weeks old, 10 lbs, 10gm%Hemoglobin)

30
Q

How long do oral surgeons wait to repair a cleft palate?

A

about 1.5 years (once SPEECH patterns are being developed)

31
Q

What is the etiology of a LIP PIT? Are they possibly associated with other anomalies?

A

Congenital malformation, often inherited….. YES, may be with other anomalies (clefts)

32
Q

What is the name for an infection of minor

salivary glands in lower lip?

A

CHEIL-ITIS GLAND-ULARIS

33
Q

Is cheilitis glandularis developmental?

A

No, not developmental

34
Q

Who is most likely to get cheilitis glandularis?

A

Outdoor workers- weather thins and drys lips, promoting retrograde infection

35
Q

What is the range of severity for cheilitis glandularis?

A

slight swelling to pain and deep abscesses/sinus tracts

36
Q

Is cheilitis glandularis considered to be premalignant?

A

possibly (he put ????), shared etiology

37
Q

What are ectopic sebaceous glands?

A

For-Dyce granules

38
Q

When do fordyce granules develop?

A

after puberty

39
Q

Fordyce granules are pretty freakin common….about how much of the population has them? (including your’s truly)

A

> 80% of people

40
Q

Where are fordyce granules most typically found? are they bilateral?

A

buccal mucosa…yep, often bilaterally symmetrical

41
Q

What would you describe as asymptomatic, superficial yellowish plaques?

A

fordyce granules

42
Q

Is there a treatment for fordyce granules?

A

Nope, just recognition :)

43
Q

You, Austin, would describe fordyce granules as asymptomatic, superficial yellowish, “_______”

A

plaques

44
Q

What is clinically described as asymptomatic, generalized gingival hyperplasia?

A

FIBROMA—TOSIS……GINGIVAE

45
Q

What is the etiology of FIBROMA-TOSIS GINGIVAE? Is it ever isolated or associated with syndromes?

A

inherited…mostly autosomal dominant….it CAN be isolated OR associated with syndromes

46
Q

What is the typical treatment of fibroma-to-sis gingivae?

A

surgery, but it can come back

47
Q

What is the term for no tongue development? (general term?)

A

aglossia (aplasia)

48
Q

What is the term for a small underdeveloped tongue? (general term?)

A

microglossia (hypoplasia)

49
Q

What is the term for an enlarged, overdeveloped tongue?

A

macroglossia

50
Q

Primary macroglossia is considered to be ________

A

developmental

51
Q

Secondary (or _______) macroglossia is usually from a ______

A

(acquired)….tumor or acromegaly, etc.

52
Q

What is the official name for fusion of the tongue to the floor of the mouth (“tongue tied”)?

A

Anklyloglossia

53
Q

What is the etiology of a BIFID tongue?

A

failure of the LATERAL HALVES of the ANTERIOR 2/3 of the tongue to fuse

54
Q

What is the difference between a fissured tongue and a cleft tongue?

A

Cleft-failed fusion VS Fissured-unknown etiology, deep dorsal fissures

55
Q

Are genetics to blame for fissured tongue?

A

yes, genetics may play a role

56
Q

What are the two main indications for a fissured tongue?

A
  1. Increases with age 2.INCREASES more with xerstomia (may retain plaque…grosss)
57
Q

What are the official names for geographic tongue?

A

benign migratory glossitis (funny name!) OR erythemia migrans)

58
Q

Is benign migratory glossitis developmental?

A

NO! its inflammation dawg!

59
Q

INTERESTING! What is the etiology of geographic tongue? How does it affect the sexes?

A

inflammation with unknown causes… 2:1 FEMALES!!

60
Q

Do geographic tongue areas have papilla?

A

nope, they are depapillated erythematous areas

61
Q

What colors typically surround the erythromatous areas of geographic tongue?

A

yellowish-white boarders (gross)

62
Q

Does geographic tongue present symptoms?

A

usually ASYMPTOMATIC, but may burn or hurt

63
Q

What is the term for geographic tongue that occasionally moves off the tongue?

A

Erythema migrans

64
Q

What is the clincial name for hypertrophy of filiform papillae?

A

Hairy tongue

65
Q

What is the etiology of hairy tongue? What are the 3 predisposing factors?

A

unknown, BUT predisposing factors 1.drugs (including h2o2–like me!! 2.smoking 3.radiation therapy)

66
Q

What is the treatment of hairy tongue?

A

physical debridement w/or w/out chlorhexidine

ORAL PATHOLOGY! (40 decks)

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