Exam 5 Rhabdovirus (Rabies) Flashcards
Rabies lyssavirus (RABV) is part of what family?
Rhabdoviridae
____ is responsible for vast majority of all human rabies cases
Rabies lyssavirus
Rhabdovirus classification
- Enveloped
- Helical
- ssRNA (negative sense)
Rhabdoviruses cause:
Brain inflammation (encephalitis)
Primary reservoir hosts of all lyssaviruses
Bats
Rabies transmission usually through carnivore hosts such as:
- Bats
- Raccoon
- Grey fox
- Striped skunk
Rhabdovirus is ____ found among hares, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, squirrels, mice and rats
Rarely
Rabies is transmitted via
Broken skin (animal bites)
True or false: human rabies is common in the US
False - rare
19 cases of rabies associated with what animal?
Bats (>90%)
What % of pets are vaccinated for rabies?
> 99.5%
What % of rabid animals in the US are wildlife species?
91% (bats, raccoons, skunks, foxes)
Globally, >99% of rabies cases are the direct result of:
Feral dog bites
When rabies virus travels through nerves to spinal cord and brain, are there signs of illness?
No
When the rabies virus multiplies in the brain and travels to salivary glands and organs, are there signs of illness?
Yes, begin to show disease signs and death occurs within 7 days
Symptoms of rabies
Hydrophobia (fear of water)
___ develop furious rabies with hydrophobia
____ develop paralytic rabies without hydrophobia
80%; 20%
True or false: Rabies is nearly always fatal once clinical signs appear
True
Rhabdovirus replication occurs in ___ and forms ___
Cytoplasm; Negri bodies
Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis within ____ can prevent disease. ___% effective
10 days; 100%
What is the rabies PEP treatment?
One dose of immune globulin (HRIG) and four doses of rabies vaccine
