Exam 3 Hepatitis C Flashcards
Hepatitis C structure
- Enveloped
- Icosahedral
- positive strand ssRNA
HCV viral glycoproteins E1 and E2 are subject to:
Extensive mutation
HCV genotype ___ is most common
Type 1
____ predicts HCV treatment success and response to therapy
Genotype
HCV transmission routes
- Injection (IV) drug use
- Needlestick injuries in health care settings (1.8% transmission)
- receiving donated blood
- through HCV-infected mother during birth
Inefficient spread of HCV involves:
HIV infected MSM
Infrequent spread of HCV involves:
Outbreaks relating to health care, invasive, and/or injection procedures
HCV acute infection recovery rate
15-25%
HCV chronic infection rate
75-85%
Chronic HCV infection leads to:
- Cirrhosis
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
HCV incubation
2-12 weeks
Only ____% of HCV infections will show acute symptoms
20-30
HCV carrier is defined as:
> 6 months HCV RNA (often recognized by chance)
Most with HCV chronic infection are _____ for decades
Asymptomatic
What is the most common reason for liver transplantation in the US?
HCV chronic infection
Hepatitis A, B, C are vastly _____
Underreported
Standard precautions for HCV healthcare setting
Follow injection safety and other infection control practices consistently
How is HCV spread in health care settings?
- Sharing needles and/or syringes
- Blood contaminated injectable medications/IV solutions via drug diversions
Bad HCV practice - what happened?
- Staff used new needle but reused old syringe
- Stock medicine vial contaminated with HCV and infected subsequent patients
Is there a vaccine for HCV?
No (Anti-HCV not protective)
HCV diagnosis methods
PCR, ELISA, genotype testing
PCR for HCV RNA can be both ____ and ____
Qualitative (presence or absence of virus) and quantitative (amount of RNA present)
For HCV treatment of acute infection, there is ____ effective prophylaxis and _____ specific treatment recommended
No; No
Newer treatment called ____ can be ____ effective but ______
Direct acting antiviral (DAA); 93-99%; very expensive
Genotypes 1, 4, 5, 6 can be treated with which DAA?
Harvoni
