1/9 Kingsley Dentoalveolar Infections

Question 1

What are dentoalveolar infections?

Pyogenic (___) infections associated with ____ and surrounding/supporting structures, including ____

Answer 1

Pus; teeth; periodontium and alveolar bone

Question 2

Pulpitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of dental pulp tissue

Question 3

Pulpitis is mainly caused by:

Answer 3

Bacterial infections, secondary to caries development

Question 4

Causes of pulpitis

Answer 4

• dental caries
• traumatic tooth fracture
• bruxism
• traumatic dental treatment
• periodontitis in gingival crevice
• blood supply problem

Question 5

Two types of pulpitis

Answer 5

• reversible
• irreversible

Question 6

Reversible pulpitis involves ____ pulp which ____ responds to carious lesion

Answer 6

Inflamed; actively

Question 7

Reversible pulpitis symptoms

Answer 7

Transient sharp, localized pain (hot, cold, sweet)

Question 8

When reversible pulpitis is treated, pulp remains

Answer 8

Vital

Question 9

Irreversible pulpitis symptoms

Answer 9

Dull throbbing pain without stimulus

Question 10

____ does not subside quickly and may be difficult to localize

Answer 10

Irreversible pulpitis

Question 11

True or false: irreversible pulpitis rarely requires intervention via endodontics and extraction

Answer 11

False - typically requires

Question 12

____ is known as a pulp polyp

Answer 12

Chronic hyperplastic pulpitis

Question 13

Pulp polyp usually occurs in:

Answer 13

• deciduous molars
• permanent first molars

Question 14

Pulp polyps are reversible or irreversible?

Answer 14

Irreversible

Question 15

Three main types of dentoalveolar abscesses

Answer 15

• periapical abscess
• periodontal abscess
• pericoronitis

Question 16

Periapical abscess is most common among:

Answer 16

Children and teenagers (kids that have not been to the dentist in a long time)

Question 17

Periodontal abscess is most common among:

Answer 17

Adults and elderly

Question 18

_____ is a complication of pulpitis

Answer 18

Periapical abscess

Question 19

____ is a complication of periodontitis, pocket trauma, periapical periodontitis

Answer 19

Periodontal abscess

Question 20

Pericoronitis is an infection of:

Answer 20

Operculum covering impacted or partially erupted third molar

Question 21

Apical periodontitis or periapical abscess is located at:

Answer 21

Tip (apex) of root

Question 22

____ is common with a periapical abscess

Answer 22

Apical radiolucency

Question 23

In a periapical abscess, ____ usually precedes any ____

Answer 23

Pain; swelling

Question 24

Periapical abscess: intraoral dental sinus may occur, also known as ____ or _____

Answer 24

Parulis; gumboil

Question 25

Periodontal abscess usually begins in a:

Answer 25

Periodontal pocket

Question 26

Most common dental abscess among adults and in elderly

Answer 26

Periodontal abscess

Question 27

Periodontal abscess is a complication of:

Answer 27

Periodontitis

Question 28

_____ is associated with periodontal abscess

Answer 28

Deep periodontal pocket

Question 29

Periodontal abscess symptoms

Answer 29

- Swelling, redness, tenderness of gingiva overlying abscess - pain continuous or related to biting

Question 30

In a periodontal abscess, ____ usually precedes any ____

Answer 30

Swelling; pain

Question 31

A periodontal abscess may remain localized in:

Answer 31

Periodontal tissues

Question 32

What is an operculum?

Answer 32

Soft tissue covering partially erupted tooth

Question 33

Pericoronitis is a bacterial infection beneath _____

Answer 33

Operculum

Question 34

Pericoronitis is associated with:

Answer 34

- Partially erupted or impacted third molars - most commonly mandibular third molars

Question 35

Dental abscesses are usually ____ in nature

Answer 35

Polymicrobial (may differ between periapical and periodontal abscess)

Question 36

In a periodontal abscess, ____ predominates

Answer 36

Strict anaerobes

Question 37

Treatment for dental abscess

Answer 37

- simple drainage indicated - Antibiotics

Question 38

DOC for dental abscess

Answer 38

- Penicillin - Metronidazole

Question 39

In treating a dental abscess, if the tooth can be restored, _____ therapy is indicated. Otherwise _____

Answer 39

Endodontic; extraction

Question 40

Complications of dental abscess

Answer 40

- dentocutaneous fistula - cellulitis - spread from maxillary teeth - spread from mandibular teeth

Question 41

If a dental abscess from maxillary teeth spreads, what problems can occur?

Answer 41

- purulent maxillary sinusitis - infraorbital/orbital cellulitis - cavernous sinus thrombosis

Question 42

If a dental abscess from mandibular teeth spreads, what problems can occur?

Answer 42

- osteomyelitis - Ludwig's angina - cervicofacial actinomycosis (lumpy jaw)

Question 43

_____ is an abnormal pathway between cutaneous surface of the face and oral cavity and is a rare complication of untreated dental abscess

Answer 43

Dentocutaneous fistula

Question 44

____ is a bacterial infection involving the layers of the skin

Answer 44

Cellulitis

Question 45

Infraorbital cellulitis can occur due to spread from _____. Bacterial infection spreads via ____ sinuses

Answer 45

Maxillary teeth (canine); paranasal (maxillary)

Question 46

Cavernous sinus thrombosis can occur due to spread from ___

Answer 46

Maxillary teeth

Question 47

Symptoms of cavernous sinus thrombosis

Answer 47

- unilateral periorbital edema - CN 6 palsy - proptosis (protrusion of eyeball)

Question 48

Cavernous sinus thrombosis is almost always ____

Answer 48

Unilateral

Question 49

Osteomyelitis occurs due to spread from _____

Answer 49

Mandibular teeth

Question 50

Osteomyelitis is also known as:

Answer 50

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ)

Question 51

True or false: osteomyelitis is relatively rare, thanks to antibiotics

Answer 51

True

Question 52

Osteomyelitis is more common in the ____ than the ____

Answer 52

Mandible; maxilla

Question 53

Common pathogens that cause osteomyelitis

Answer 53

Anaerobes (Tannerella, Prevotella, Porphyromonas)

Question 54

Osteomyelitis of long bones is caused by:

Answer 54

S. aureus

Question 55

Ludwig's angina is caused due to bacterial spread from _____

Answer 55

Mandibular teeth

Question 56

Ludwig's angina is also called:

Answer 56

Angina ludovici

Question 57

_____ causes serious, life-threatening cellulitis which closes the throat

Answer 57

Ludwig's angina

Question 58

Ludwig's angina is recognized as a ____

Answer 58

Serious infection (oral surgery emergency)

Question 59

_____ is also known as lumpy jaw

Answer 59

Actinomycosis

Question 60

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is often associated with:

Answer 60

chronic abscess commonly at angle of the mandible (mandibular first molars)

Question 61

Actinomyces israelii, naeslundii, and viscosus are all:

Answer 61

Gram-positive bacilli